微流控乳液模板法构建功能微颗粒过程中介尺度结构定向调控的研究进展

Progress on regulation of meso-scale structures for microfluidic emulsion template synthesis of functional microparticles

功能微颗粒材料因其微型化和多功能化等优点而在诸多领域具有广泛的应用。微流控技术可控制备的多样化乳液液滴体系为功能微颗粒材料的创新设计与可控制备提供了优良而独特的模板。深入研究乳液模板法构建功能微颗粒材料过程中介尺度结构的形成与演变规律,以及液滴界面介尺度结构与乳液动力学行为、界面传质与反应耦合对微颗粒介尺度结构的影响规律等,对于实现乳液模板结构调控与新型功能微颗粒材料创新制备具有重要意义。本文主要综述了微流控乳液模板法构建功能微颗粒过程中介尺度结构定向调控的研究进展,着重涵盖了两方面内容:(1)微流控法可控制备乳液模板的过程中,液滴界面两亲分子聚集态介尺度结构的调控与液滴运动、吞并、融合、相界面定向演变等动力学行为之间的相互影响关系和调控机制,以及上述调控对液滴形貌、结构和组成的影响规律;(2)乳液模板制备功能微颗粒的过程中,界面传质、反应,及两者耦合对微颗粒介尺度结构的定向调控,以期为新型功能微颗粒材料的高效制备与性能强化提供科学指导。

Functional microparticle materials are widely used in many fields due to their unique characteristics of miniaturization and diverse functions.The versatile emulsion droplets from microfluidics provide excellent and unique templates for innovative design and controllable fabrication of functional microparticles.For microfluidic emulsion-template synthesis of functional microparticles,investigation on the formation and evolution of their meso-scale structures,the relationship between the interficial meso-scale structures of droplets and the dynamic behaviors of droplets,and the relationship between the coupled mass transfer-reaction and the meso-scale structures of microparticles,are of significant importance for rational control of the structures of emulsion templates and innovative fabrication of functional microparticlers.This review summarizes the recent progress on regulation of meso-scale structures for microfluidic emulsion-template synthesis of functional microparticles.Two aspects are mainly involved,including:(1)In the process for controllable microfluidic generation of emulsion templates,the relationship between the aggregation meso-scale structures of amphiphilic molecules at droplet interface and the droplet dynamics regarding motion,engulfment,coalescence,and interface evolution,and their influence on control of the morphology,structure and composition of the emulsion droplets;(2)In the process for emulsion template synthesis of functional microparticles,the rational control of trans-interfacial mass transfer,reaction and their coupling on the meso-scale structures of functional microparticles.This review could provide scientific guidance for the efficient fabrication and performance enhancement of novel functional microparticles.