医学期刊指南共识类文章引证特征分析及对选题策划的指导作用

Citation characteristics of guidelines and consensuses in medical journals and the role in topic selection

【目的】统计中华医学期刊全文数据库收录的150种期刊中指南共识类文章在近二十余年的变化情况,并以《中华医学杂志》为例,分析高被引和低被引指南共识类文章的特征,为指南共识类文章的编辑选题策划提供参考。【方法】检索中华医学期刊全文数据库在2000年、2010年以及2020年刊载的指南共识类文章的数量及占比,分析其载文变化趋势;在万方医学数据库调查《中华医学杂志》2018—2020年刊登的指南共识类文章的被引频次。根据检索结果,将被引频次≥50次的文章归为高被引文章,将被引频次<5次的文章归为低被引文章。分别分析高被引与低被引文章中指南、共识所占的比例以及文章撰写的特点,主要包括有无证据等级分级、有无明确推荐意见等。【结果】中华医学会系列期刊在2000年、2010年、2020年刊载的指南共识类文章数量逐年增多,占比逐年攀升,从2000年的0.07%上升到2020年的2.08%。《中华医学杂志》在2018—2020年共刊登指南共识类文章157篇,包括指南类30篇,共识类103篇,规范类5篇,建议/意见类16篇,翻译国外指南2篇,其他1篇。其中,高被引文章有16篇,占10.2%;低被引文章有10篇,占6.4%。高被引文章中,指南类文章占比最高(62.5%),且形成明确推荐意见的文章占75.0%;低被引文章中,共识类文章占比最高(80.0%),无指南类文章,均无证据等级分级,只有1篇文章包含明确的专家推荐意见。【结论】高被引文章中,指南和有明确推荐意见的文章占比较高;低被引文章中,共识类文章占比较高,且大部分无明确推荐意见。

[Purposes] This paper analyzes the changes of guidelines and consensuses in 150 journals included in the Chinese Medical Journal Full Text Database in recent 20 years, and takes National Medical Journal of China as an example to elucidate the characteristics of highly-cited and lowly-cited guidelines and consensuses, so as to provide a reference for the topic selection in this aspect. [Methods] The number and proportion of guidelines and consensuses in the Chinese Medical Journal Full Text Database in 2000, 2010, and 2020 were respectively recorded, and the changing trend of these articles was analyzed. The cited frequencies of guidelines and consensuses published in National Medical Journal of China from 2018 to 2020 in Wanfang Med Online were investigated. Articles with cited frequency ≥50 were highly-cited articles and those with cited frequency <5 were lowly-cited articles. The proportions of highly-cited and lowly-cited guidelines and consensuses were calculated and the characteristics of them, such as evidence grading and recommendations, were analyzed. [Findings] The number and the proportion of guidelines and consensuses in journals organized by Chinese Medical Association increased from 2000 to 2010 and 2020. The proportion was 2.08% in 2020, up from the 0.07% in 2000. From 2018 to 2020, National Medical Journal of China published 157 guidelines and consensuses: 30 guidelines, 103 consensuses, 5 norms, 16 suggestions/opinions, 2 translated guidelines, and 1 other, with 16(10.2%) highly-cited and 10(6.4%) lowly-cited. Among the highly-cited articles, guidelines accounted for the largest proportion(62.5%), and articles with clear recommendations made up 75.0%. Among the lowly-cited articles, consensuses took up the largest percentage(80.0%), and no guideline or evidence grading was found in these articles. In addition, only one article showed clear recommendations. [Conclusions] Among the highly-cited articles, the proportions of guidelines and proportion of articles with clear recommendations are high. Among the lowly-cited articles, consensuses account for a relatively large proportion, and most of them have no clear recommendation.