“目标-工具”框架下宅基地制度改革的政策量化分析——以15个试点地区为例

Policy quantitative analysis of homestead system reform under the framework of “target-tool”: Take 15 pilot regions as examples

本文运用政策工具理论和政策文本计量方法,以中央层面政策文本为切入点构建目标-工具二维分析框架,分析15个试点的宅基地制度改革政策文本。结果表明:自“三块地”改革以来,试点地区宅基地改革政策数量呈集中式增长;各试点地区高频使用命令工具,能力建设工具、激励和象征劝诫工具的运用较为不足;宅基地制度改革目标多体现于权益明确,要素流动和功能转变目标推进不佳;宅基地财产功能显化不够,地区的经济水平和政策资源环境影响宅基地制度改革政策的制定。推进宅基地制度改革需进一步加强能力建设工具、系统变革工具的应用,因地制宜组合使用政策工具,激发试点地区的内在改革动力,推进要素流动和功能转变政策目标的实现。

According to use policy instrument theory and policy text measurement method to construct a target-tool two-dimensional analysis framework with the policy text at the central level as the entry point, and analyze the policy text of the reform of homestead system in 15 pilot projects, providing support for the optimization and improvement of the reform policy of homestead system. The results show that: since the reform of "Three plots of land", the number of homestead reform policies in the pilot areas shows a centralized increase;Command tools are frequently used in the pilot areas, while capacity building tools, motivation and symbolic exhortation tools are insufficient. The reform objectives of homestead system are mainly embodied in the clear rights and interests, while the objectives of factor flow and function transformation are not well promoted. It is found that the function of homestead property is not obvious enough, and the economic level, policy resources and environment of each region affect the formulation of homestead system reform policy. To promote the reform of homestead system, it is necessary to further strengthen the application of capacity building tools and system reform tools, combine policy tools according to local conditions, stimulate the internal reform power in the pilot areas, and promote the realization of the policy goals of factor flow and function transformation.