2021年辽东湾东部核电站冷源取水区风险生物监测

Risk biological monitoring of cold source water intake area in eastern Liaodong Bay nuclear power plant of 2021

本文通过2021年3月-11月辽东湾东部核电站冷源取水区附近海域和鼓型滤网反冲洗的风险生物监测数据,分析了大型藻类、大型水母以及反冲洗的生物量状况,并结合2018-2020年的资料,探讨了大型藻类、大型水母的变化趋势,确定其高风险期。2021年的监测结果显示,大型藻类的生物量在5月中下旬至7月底处于高峰期;海月水母(Aurelia coerulea)、沙海蜇(Nemopilema nomurai)、白色霞水母(Cyanea nozakii)3种大型水母的生物量高峰期为7月-9月,其相对生物量总和均低于2018-2020年,其中,海月水母和沙海蜇的相对生物量低于2018-2020年,但沙海蜇出现的时间比2018-2020年推迟1个月,白色霞水母的相对生物量与2020年基本一致。冷源取水区附近海域大型藻类和大型水母的生物量与反冲洗监测结果无明显相关性,说明取水口5道拦截网的作用显著。2021年反冲洗取样风险评价等级均为安全。反冲洗监测发现新增风险生物凸壳肌蛤(Musculus senhousei),出现时间为10月-11月,今后需关注其风险状况。

The biomass of macroalgae, macrojellyfish and backwashing in the waters near the cold source water intake area of nuclear power plant in eastern Liaodong Bay was monitored from March to November in 2021,and the change trend of macroalgae and macrojellyfish was discussed in combination with the historical data from 2018 to 2020, so as to determine the high-risk period. The monitoring results for 2021 showed that the biomass of macroalgae peaked from mid-to-late May to the end of July;the biomass of Aurelia coerulea,Nemopilema nomurai and Cyanea nozakii peaked from July to September, and their total relative biomass was lower than that of 2018-2020. The relative biomass of Aurelia coerulea and Nemopilema nomurai was lower than that of 2018-2020, but the occurrence time of Nemopilema nomurai was one month later than that of2018-2020. The relative biomass of Cyanea nozakii was basically the same as that in 2020. There was no significant correlation between the biomass of macroalgae and macrojellyfish in the waters near the cold source water intake area and the monitoring results of backwashing, indicating that the five intercepting nets at the water intake had a significant effect.The risk assessment grades of backwash sampling were all safe. Musculus senhousei was found to be a new risk species in backwash monitoring in 2021, and the occurrence time was from October to November. Attention should be paid to its risk status in the future.