潍坊市售果蔬中14种内吸性杀菌剂残留状况调查及慢性膳食暴露评估

Evaluation of chronic dietary exposure and survey on 14 systemic fungicide residues in market fruits and vegetables,Weifang city

目的 了解潍坊市售果蔬中14种内吸性杀菌剂的残留状况,并评估其给居民带来的膳食摄入风险。方法 2019-2021年,采集山东省潍坊市各县市区居民消费量较大的果蔬样品504份,采用QuECHERS结合UPLC-MS/MS的方法对其14种常见的内吸性杀菌剂残留进行检测。基于这些残留数据,并根据我国不同消费人群的果蔬消费量和体重数据,以%ADI值评估这14种杀菌剂通过果蔬途径的慢性暴露风险。结果 504份果蔬样品的残留分析表明,14种内吸性杀菌剂检出12种,而恶霜灵和腈菌唑未检出。检出的内吸性杀菌剂质量浓度均未超标。慢性膳食暴露评估结果显示,所有人群通过食用果蔬摄入这14种常见杀菌剂的风险是可以接受的,不同消费人群之间差距不大,但咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑和吡唑醚菌酯的最大%ADI值较大,摄入风险较高,需予以关注。结论 潍坊市售果蔬中存在内吸性杀菌剂残留污染,14种常见杀菌剂的残留暴露风险在可接受范围。

Objective To understand the residues of 14 systemic fungicides in market fruits and vegetables in Weifang city,and to assess the dietary intake risk to residents.Methods From 2019 to 2021,504 samples of fruits and vegetables with large household consumption in Weifang city of Shandong province were collected,and the residues of 14 systemic fungicides were detected by QuEChERS combined with UPLC-MS/MS.Based on the data of fungicide residues,and using the consumption of fruit and vegetable as well as the weight of different population in China as a reference,the risk of chronic dietary exposure of these 14 fungicides through fruits and vegetables was evaluated with % ADI value.Results The residue analysis of 504 fruit and vegetable samples showed that 12 of 14 kinds of systemic fungicides were detected,while oxadixyl and myclobutanil were not detected.Furthermore,the detected mass concentrations did not exceed the standard.The results of chronic dietary exposure assessment showed that the risk of all people consuming these 14 fungicides through eating fruits and vegetables was acceptable.with little difference among different consumer groups.However,the maximum % ADI values of prochloraz,difenoconazole and pyraclostrobin were relatively high.Thus,the risk of intake was high,which should attracted more attentions.Conclusion There is residual contamination of systemic fungicides in fruits and vegetables in Weifang city,but the residual exposure risk of 14 common fungicides is acceptable.