表面原子操纵与物性调控研究进展

Research progress of surface atomic manipulation and physical property regulation of low-dimensional structures

利用扫描隧道显微镜可以在单原子层次上对材料进行操纵,改变其结构与特性,实现原子级结构与物性的精准调控.近年来,扫描隧道显微镜原子操纵技术被广泛用于新型低维材料的精准构筑与物性调控.本文主要介绍应用原子操纵技术对低维材料物性调控的最新研究进展,总结了4种主要探针操纵模式:1)探针局域电场模式;2)调节探针-样品垂直间距模式;3)无损形态调控模式;4)可控裁剪刻蚀模式.通过这些探针操纵模式引入局域的电场、磁场、应力场等,实现在单原子层次上对低维材料的电荷密度波、近藤效应、非弹性隧穿效应、马约拉纳束缚态等新奇物性进行精准地调控.

Atomic manipulation technique with scanning tunneling microscopy(STM) has been used to control the structural and physical properties of materials at an atomic level. Recently, this technique has been extended to modifying the physical properties of low-dimensional materials. Unlike conventional single atom lateral manipulation, the STM manipulation technique in the study of low-dimensional materials has additional manipulation modes and focuses on the modification of physical properties. In this review paper, we introduce the recent experimental progress of tuning the physical properties of low-dimensional materials through STM atomic manipulation technique. There are mainly four manipulation modes: 1) tip-induced local electric field;2) controlled tip approach or retract;3) tip-induced non-destructive geometry manipulation;4) tip-induced kirigami and lithography. Through using these manipulation modes, the STM tip effectively introduces the attractive force or repulsive force, local electronic field or magnetic field and local strain, which results in the atomically precise modification of physical properties including charge density wave, Kondo effect, inelastic tunneling effect, Majorana bound states, and edge states.