从“科层结构”走向“平台组织”:高校创新创业教育的组织变革

From“Section Structure”to“Platform Organization”: Organizational Change of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Universities

创新创业教育的本质属性应当具有两个规定性:创业教育的逻辑起点在“创业”,从精神层面而言,创业教育旨在培养大学生以创新为基础的思维心智,强调对大学生冒险精神、探索意志、物质与精神财富的渴望等内在心理的培育与激发;创业教育的逻辑重点依旧要回归到“教育”,通过系统化、制度性安排,导出大学生潜在的创业精神,使之自发地、自然地、自由地利用所习得的知识、技能、经验,具备创业的能力和创业的意愿。创新创业教育的新结构观,强调从“科层结构”向“平台组织”的转变,将那种丧失创造性的直线职能型组织结构转型为具有内生成长性的开放平台组织。因此,高校创新创业教育必须在结构上转型为平台型组织,以激发每个参与者的尊重与自由为特征,提升高校创新创业教育的活力。

The essential attributes of innovation and entrepreneurship education should have two prescriptive qualities: Firstly, the logical starting point of entrepreneurship education is“entrepreneurship”, in terms of spirituality, entrepreneurship education aims to cultivate a mind based on innovation among university students,emphasizing the cultivation and stimulation of their inner psychology, such as the spirit of adventure, the will to explore, and the desire for material and spiritual wealth. Secondly, the logical focus of entrepreneurship education continues to return to“education”, through systematic and institutional arrangements, to bring out the potential entrepreneurial spirit of university students, so that they can spontaneously, naturally and freely use the knowledge,skills and experience they have acquired, and have the ability and willingness to start their own businesses. The new structural view of innovation and entrepreneurship education emphasizes the transformation from a“hierarchical system”to a“platform organization”, transforming the linear and functional organizational structure, which has lost its creativity, into an open platform organization with endogenous growth. Therefore, innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities must be structurally transformed into a platform-based organization,characterized by the respect and freedom that inspires each participant, to enhance the vitality of innovation and entrepreneurship education.