回授宣教法联合多学科营养管理在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用效果

Application effects of feedback teaching method combined with multidisciplinary nutrition management in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的:观察回授宣教法联合多学科营养管理在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取130例GDM患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各65例。对照组实施多学科营养管理,观察组在对照组基础上实施回授宣教法,比较两组干预前后中文版疾病感知问卷(CIPQ-R)评分、血糖指标[空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]水平,以及母婴不良事件发生率。结果:干预后,观察组CIPQ-R评分高于对照组,FBG、2hPBG、HbA1c水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组孕产妇不良事件发生率为7.69%(5/65),低于对照组的13.07%(15/65),围生儿不良事件发生率为13.85%(9/65),明显低于对照组的29.23%(19/65),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:回授宣教法联合多学科营养管理应用于GDM患者可提高患者疾病认知度和血糖控制效果,降低孕产妇及围生儿不良事件发生率。

Objective:To explore application effects of feedback teaching method combined with multidisciplinary nutrition management in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:130 patients with GDM were selected as the research objects and were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,65 cases in each group.The control group was given multidisciplinary nutrition management,while the observation group was given the feedback teaching method on the basis of that of the control group.The scores of the Chinese version of the illness perception questionnaire(CIPQ-R),the blood glucose indicator levels[fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-h postprandial blood glucose(2hPBG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)]and the incidence of maternal and infant adverse events were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:After the intervention,the CIPQ-R score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group;the levels of FBG,2hPBG and HbA1c were lower than those of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the incidence of maternal adverse events in the observation group was 7.69%(5/65),which was lower than 13.07%(15/65)in the control group;the incidence of perinatal adverse events in the observation group was 13.85%(9/65),which was significantly lower 29.23%(19/65)of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The feedback teaching method combined with multidisciplinary nutrition management in the patients with GDM can improve the patients’disease awareness and the blood glucose control effects,and reduce the incidence of maternal and perinatal adverse events.