辣椒枯萎病生物防治研究进展

Research Advances in Biological Control of Pepper Fusarium Wilt

辣椒枯萎病是由尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)引起的严重制约辣椒生产的土传病害之一,目前尚缺乏有效的抗病材料,而化学药剂则不能完全根治,且易造成环境污染、农药残留及病菌抗药性等问题。利用微生物及其代谢产物、植物提取物等生物农药进行防治,既能控制病害的发生,又不会破坏生态环境、危害人畜健康,符合农业可持续发展的要求。综述了近20 a来国内外用于辣椒枯萎病生物防治的微生物种类、植物来源及其生防机制研究进展,分析了目前生防产品使用中存在的问题,并对辣椒枯萎病生物防治的未来发展方向进行了展望。

Fusarium wilt of pepper caused by Fusarium oxysporum is one of the soil-borne diseases restricting the production of pepper. At present,effective disease-resistant materials are still lacking,and chemical agents could not control it completely,at the same time causing problems such as environmental pollution,pesticide residues,and bacterial resistance and so on. The use of microorganisms and their metabolites,plant extracts and other biological pesticides for prevention and control can not only control the occurrence of diseases,but also not damage the ecological environment and endanger the health of humans and animals. Biological control meets the requirements of agricultural sustainable development,and has become a hot research topic. In this paper,the research progress of microbial species,plant sources and their biocontrol mechanisms used for the biological control of pepper Fusarium wilt in recent twenty years was reviewed. The existing problems of biocontrol products were analysed,and the future development direction of biocontrol of pepper Fusarium wilt was prospected.