隧道水文地质环境变化及其对生态环境的评估

Changes of Hydrogeological Environment of Tunnel and Its Assessment of Ecological Environment

长期以来,正是由于可持续的科学发展观和环保意识的缺失,在大型项目的研究、设计、建造施工和使用阶段之中,工作计划中并未将环境评价纳入其中。进入岩石和土壤的隧道可能是地表、地下水收集区或周围新的排水通道,尤其是地下水。以往在隧道等地下工程的建设中,除了一些针对地块采取了大量防水措施的特殊工程外,大部分工程,尤其是山地隧道工程,都采取了预防为主的政策。因此很多类似地下工程在竣工期间和竣工后都可能长期存在有淹水、渗水、环境恶化等诸多问题。以隧道区为例,开展水文地质环境变化和生态环境评价的相关研究,解决社会、生态、环境问题。结合中国气象局预报网站,获取气象、水文地质和环境变化相关数据,分析描述水文地质环境变化与生态环境的关系,在经济快速发展的趋势下,隧址区域已被破坏,同时该区域的入水量变化呈现相对减少的趋势,这种现象对区域水资源可利用性的影响是相对负面的。基于此视角详细展开论述隧道水文地质变化及其对生态环境的评估相关研究理论,旨在提高此领域的研究深入度,为该领域的深入工作提供更多理论依据。

For a long time,due to the lack of sustainable scientific development concept and environmental awareness,environmental assessment has not been included in the work plan in the research,design,construction and use stages of large-scale projects.The area entered by the tunnel may be the surface,groundwater collection area or surrounding new drainage channels,especially groundwater.In the past,in the construction of tunnel projects,except for some special projects that have taken a large number of waterproof measures for the plot,most projects,especially mountain tunnel projects,have adopted the policy of prevention first.Taking the tunnel area as an example,this paper carries out relevant research on hydrogeological environment change and ecological environment evaluation,in order to solve the ecological environment problems of relevant areas.The relevant data of meteorology,hydrogeology and environmental change are obtained from the forecast website of China Meteorological Administration,and the relationship between hydrogeological environmental change and ecological environment is analyzed.With the rapid development of tunnel engineering,with the destruction of the environment in the engineering area,the water inflow in this area may show a relatively decreasing trend,which has a relatively negative impact on the availability of regional water resources.Based on this perspective,this paper reviews the hydrogeological changes of the tunnel and its impact on the surrounding ecological environment in detail,in order to improve the research depth in this field and provide more theoretical basis for the in-depth work in this field.