语言的比较生物学研究

A Comparative Biological Study of Language

比较分析是生物学的基本工具。比较生物语言学强调认知的基础构件在广泛物种间的共性,通过比较人类、动物、古人类交流机制的保守性和差异,可以洞察人类言语、语言和社交的本质。本文通过回顾现代人群中、现代人类与古人类之间、发声学习的动物模型中的比较生物语言学研究进展,从基因组、神经遗传学、动物行为学等水平揭示比较生物学对发育性语言障碍、语言演化等研究的重要意义。

Comparative analysis is a fundamental tool in biology.Comparative biolinguistics emphasizes that the foundations of cognition are shared between a wide range of species and provides insights into the nature of human speech,language,and social interaction by comparing the communication mechanisms of humans,animals,and hominins.This paper reviewed comparative biolinguistic studies in the modern population(between modern humans and hominins,and in model animals of vocal learning)to reveal the significance of comparative biology in the study of developmental language disorders and language evolution at the levels of genome,neurogenetics,and ethology.