早期吞咽摄食干预对舌癌术后患者吞咽障碍及生活质量的影响

Effect of early swallowing and feeding intervention on dysphagia and quality of life in postoperative patients with tongue cancer

目的 探讨早期吞咽摄食干预对舌癌术后患者吞咽障碍及生活质量的影响。方法 选取2018年4月—2019年3月收治的50例舌癌患者为对照组,2019年4月—2020年3月收治的50例舌癌患者为观察组。对照组给予基础康复管理,观察组于术后5 d给予早期吞咽摄食干预。术后5 d、术后2周、术后1个月,采用洼田饮水试验及吞咽相关生命质量量表(SWAL-QOL)评估2组患者的吞咽功能和生活质量。结果 术后2周,观察组吞咽功能评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后2周及术后1个月,观察组SWAL-QOL评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1个月内,2组不良事件发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 早期吞咽摄食干预可显著改善舌癌术后患者吞咽功能,减少不良事件的发生,改善患者术后生活质量。

Objective To investigate the effect of early swallowing and feeding intervention on dysphagia and quality of life in patients with tongue cancer after operation. Methods A total of 50 patients with tongue cancer who were admitted from April 2018 to March 2019 were selected as control group,and 50 patients with tongue cancer who were admitted from April 2019 to March 2020 were included in observation group. The control group was given basic rehabilitation management,and the observation group was given early swallowing function training and feeding intervention 5 days after operation. The swallowing function and quality of life of the two groups were evaluated by the Watian Drinking Water Test and the Swallowing-related Quality of Life Scale(SWAL-QOL) at 5 days after surgery,2 weeks after surgery and 1 month after surgery. Results Two weeks after surgery,the swallowing function score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);the SWAL-QOL score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group at two weeks and one month after operation(P<0.05). Within one month after surgery,there was statistical difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Early swallowing and feeding intervention can significantly improve the recovery of swallowing function in patients after tongue cancer surgery,reduce the occurrence of adverse events and improve the quality of life of patients after surgery.