泰和乌鸡的本草考证

Textual Research of Taihe Silky Chicken

泰和乌鸡原产于江西泰和县武山山麓,是一种药食两用的珍贵禽类种质资源。通过梳理本草古籍、医籍、地方志中泰和乌鸡的记载发现,明清时期产于泰和县的家鸡有2种不同的品种,一种具有白丝毛、乌骨、乌肉、绿耳、红冠、五爪等外观特点,为古今药用乌骨鸡品种泰和乌鸡,当与另一种黄耳、红毛的泰和鸡进行区别。泰和乌鸡味甘、辛,性热,同其他乌骨鸡相比,药性更偏于温热,温补效用更佳。江西泰和、吉水诸县俗传泰和老鸡能发痘疮、助湿热发脓。泰和乌鸡相关的方剂有乌鸡丸、白凤丹、巽顺丸等,现代妇科常用乌鸡白凤丸一方即来源于此。

Taihe silky chicken is native to the foothills of the Wushan Mountain in Taihe County,Jiangxi Province,and is a precious edible and medicinal poultry germplasm resource.As revealed by the records of Taihe silky chicken in ancient Chinese herbal books,medical records,and local chronicles,there were two varieties of Taihe chickens in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.To be specific,one is the Taihe silky chicken characterized by white silky fur,black bones and meat,green ears,red crown,and five claws with medicinal value,which should be distinguished from the other variety of Taihe chicken characterized by yellow ears and red fur.The Taihe silky chicken is sweet and pungent in flavor and heat in nature,and compared with other black-bone chickens,Taihe silky chicken is warm and heat in terms of medicinal properties,and superior in tonifying.In Taihe and Jishui counties of Jiangxi,old Taihe silky chicken is believed to be effective in treating acne and pus.Taihe silk chicken-containing preparations include Wuji Pills,Baifeng Pills,and Xunshun Pills,as well as Wuji Baifeng Pills used in modern gynecology.