亚地块尺度秸秆信息丰度研究

Investigation on Sub-plot Level Straw Information Abundance

不断拓展的秸秆资源应用途径丰富了亚地块尺度下秸秆信息丰度的研究,但界定和表达亚地块尺度下秸秆信息丰度尚缺乏科学规范。本文以机收小麦原茬地的秸秆信息丰度为研究对象,设计系列指标(立茬与碎秸的质量分布、碎秸堆叠层数、立茬侧影覆盖度),分别探讨原位网格取样称草、平板匀铺图像处理、背景板图像处理、碎秸筛分、人工观察计数等手段与方法,进行原茬秸秆信息的指标化。将获取的多维秸秆信息进行归一化处理,并运用图像相似度分析法研究信息指标间的相关性。结果表明,本文提出的秸秆信息参数及测试方法增加了亚地块尺度下的秸秆信息丰度,秸秆信息图像间的相关分析也能反映出各指标间的内在联系。所得信息反映了收获机的留茬状态与碎草性能,碎秸质量集中分布在割幅中间区域。立茬质量分布受作物行间距影响,碎秸堆叠层数表达了机排草口的排草状况,立茬侧影覆盖度分布可反映收获机的留茬碾压破坏情况。秸秆信息指标间的相关分析表明,地表秸秆总质量与碎秸质量的相似度为0.89、与立茬质量相似度为0.43,碎秸质量与碎秸堆叠层数相似度为0.64,立茬质量与立茬侧影覆盖度相似度为0.48。本文界定的亚地块尺度下秸秆信息丰度及其参数化研究结果可为系统开展亚地块尺度下秸秆信息技术研发提供参考。

As the channels for straw usage are steadily increasing,sub-plot level straw information abundance is increasingly a topic drawing the attention.However,a systematic investigation on sub-plot straw information abundance is lacking.A field study was conducted in a post-harvest wheat field to explain sub-plot straw information abundance.Multiple indicators were proposed,including straw mass distribution,fragmented straw clumping index,side-shadow of standing straw,fragmentation index of straw pieces,lodging index of standing straw etc.,and specific digitization techniques were designed,i.e.cell sampling+weighing method,machine vision with uniform layer straw on white plate method,background plate side vison method,sieving method,supplemented with manual counting for calibration.In addition to the acquired indices,normalized parameters of straw information were analyzed and the correlations among indicators were visually explained.Results showed that techniques investigated in this work were effective for collecting straw information for improved info-abundance.Information technologies proposed were powerful when applied for interpretating the underlying causes for each indicators,e.g.straw distribution within the cutter width,influence from wheat row width,straw exits performance,straw damage status by the harvesters etc.Correlation analysis also indicated relationships among observed indicators,e.g.similarity between straw mass distribution and fragmented straw distribution was 0.89,yet the value was 0.43 with standing straw distribution.Fragmented straw has 0.64 in similar with clumping index,while that for standing straw and side-shadow was 0.48.Achieved results by this work could be useful for future when the sub-plot straw information abundance and its utilization were to be systematically investigated.