载脂蛋白基因多态性与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的研究进展

Research Progress of Apolipoprotein Gene Polymorphism and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

血脂异常是动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的主要危险因素。影响血脂异常代谢的因素包括环境因素(如长期摄入大量饱和脂肪酸、胆固醇、碳水化合物)和基因座遗传因素。其中,载脂蛋白(Apo)基因突变与血脂紊乱密切相关。Apo是脂蛋白的重要组成部分,能够结合并运输脂质至机体各组织进行代谢及利用。目前已鉴定出20多种Apo亚型,包括ApoA、ApoB、ApoC、ApoD、ApoE、ApoH、ApoM等。这些不同亚型的Apo基因存在多种突变类型。未来根据Apo家族各基因多态性的分布确定潜在的治疗靶点,可为临床心血管疾病的治疗提供新思路。

Dyslipidemia is a main risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.The causes of dyslipidemia include not only environmental factors,such as long-term intake of saturated fatty acids,cholesterol and carbohydrate,but also locus genetic factors.Among them,apolipoprotein(Apo)gene mutation is closely related to dyslipidemia.Apo is an important component of lipoprotein,which can bind and transport lipids to various tissues of the body for metabolism and utilization.So far,more than 20 forms of Apo subtypes have been identified,including ApoA,ApoB,ApoC,ApoD,ApoE,ApoH,ApoM and so on.There are many types of mutations in these different subtypes of Apo genes.In the future,identifying potential therapeutic targets according to the distribution of Apo family gene polymorphisms can provide new ideas for the treatment of clinical cardiovascular diseases.