大功率脉管制冷机回热器填料优化研究

Optimization of regenerator matrices in a high power pulse tube cryocooler

对一台液氮温区百瓦级制冷量的大功率斯特林型脉管制冷机的回热器填料进行了理论优化和实验研究。实验结果发现,在回热器冷端适当组合不同目数的丝网后,会把回热器分成两个部分,这在一定程度上能抑制大功率脉管制冷机回热器中的二次流动,降低回热器中部的温度非均匀性。通过实验得出该脉管制冷机中回热器填料的最优组合为300目不锈钢丝网搭配250目不锈钢丝网,组合比例为10∶1,最终在80 K获得了381.3 W的制冷量。回热器中部最大温差为30.3 K,相较于在回热器中填充单一300目不锈钢丝网的情况,降低了25.6 K。

Theoretical optimization and experimental research of the regenerator matrices of a pulse tube cryocooler with large cooling capacity at 80 K were carried out.The experimental results show that the regenerator will be divided into two parts after different kinds of wire mesh was combined at the cold end of the regenerator,which can inhibit the secondary flow in the regenerator and reduce the temperature non-uniformity in the middle of the regenerator.The optimal combination of regenerator matrices in the pulse tube refrigerator is 300 mesh stainless steel wire mesh and 250 mesh stainless steel wire mesh,and the combination ratio is 10:1,with the cooling capacity of 381.3 W at 80 K.The maximum temperature difference in the middle of the regenerator is 30.3 K,which is 25.6 K lower than that when the regenerator is filled with a single 300 mesh stainless steel wire mesh.