中医龟形功结合信息动机技巧模型在中老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用研究

Application of Guixinggong Breathing Method Combined with Information-Motivation-Behavior Skill Model in Middle-aged and Elderly Patients with COPD

目的探讨中医龟形功结合信息-动机-行为技巧模型干预对中老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,COPD)患者呼吸运动锻炼依从性及肺功能的影响,促进肺康复。方法选取2019年10月—2020年6月期间成都中医药大学附属医院收治的92例COPD患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组各46例。对照组采用常规健康教育、演示呼吸运动锻炼方法;试验组采用中医龟形功+信息-动机-行为技巧模型制定个性化的干预方案,对患者进行动机性访谈,发放COPD知识手册并讲解,演示呼吸运动锻炼技巧及中医龟形功功法。两组均在入院第1天、第3天、第7天和出院时填写相关问卷、并完成呼吸功能检测及测量6 min步行距离。结果干预期间,试验组患者依从性明显高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出院4周后两组患者肺功能均较干预前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且试验组改善效果明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出院4周后两组患者6 min步行距离均较干预前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且试验组改善效果明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以中医龟形功结合信息-动机-行为技巧模型为理论基础的干预,有助于提高中老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者呼吸运动锻炼的依从性,改善肺功能,提高患者生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of Guixinggong breathing method combined with information-motivation-behavior skill model on respiratory exercise compliance and pulmonary function in middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods A total of 92 COPD patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2019 to June 2020 were recruited in this study and randomly assigned into a control group and an experimental group,with 46 cases in each group.The control group received conventional health education and was demonstrated breathing exercise method.The experimental group received individualized intervention based on Guixinggong breathing method combined with information-motivation-behavior skill model.Specifically,the patients received the interview on motivation,COPD manual and relevant knowledge,and were demonstrated the skills of respiratory exercise and Guixinggong breathing method.Both groups completed questionnaires and took the respiratory function test and 6 minute walking distance(6 MWD)test on the day of admission,the third day,the seventh day,and the day of discharge.Results The experimental group had higher sore of respiratory exercise compliance than the control group during the intervention(P<0.05).Four weeks after discharge,the pulmonary function indicators of both groups improved compared with those before intervention(P<0.05)and were better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).Similarly,the 6 MWD of both groups improved four weeks after discharge(P<0.05)and was better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The intervention based on the Guixinggong breathing method combined with information-motivation-behavior skill model can improve the respiratory exercise compliance,pulmonary function,and quality of life of the middle-aged and elderly patients with COPD.