秋播大蒜品种筛选试验

Cultivar Screening Trial of Autumn Sowing Garlics

为解决成县大蒜主产区栽培品种单一,主栽品种成县迟蒜种性退化、品质下降、产量下滑和病害发生日趋严重等问题,对从外地引进和本地征集的14个大蒜品种于2020—2021年在成县进行了秋播筛选试验。结果表明,鲜蒜薹折合产量以成县迟蒜(3代)、成县迟蒜(7代)、吴坝大蒜、湖南蒜较高,分别为5671.5、5029.5、4983.0、4950.0 kg/hm^(2),分别较对照品种成县迟蒜增产16.41%、3.23%、2.28%、1.60%。干蒜头折合产量以对照品种成县迟蒜最高,为20572.5 kg/hm^(2);徐蒜917、徐紫1号、徐白1号、洋县1号蒜、选24较高,分别为19572.0、19572.0、18429.0、18144.0、18001.5 kg/hm^(2),分别较成县迟蒜减产4.86%、4.86%、10.42%、11.80%、12.50%。综合考虑认为,以收获蒜薹为目的时,宜选择成县迟蒜(3代)、成县迟蒜(7代)、吴坝大蒜、湖南蒜、成县迟蒜作为主栽品种,以收获蒜头为目的时,应以成县迟蒜、徐蒜917、徐紫1号、徐白1号、洋县1号蒜、选24为主栽品种。

To address the issues of monotonicity in garlic cultivar in the production,degeneration of the main cultivar of‘Chengxianchisuan’,quality and yield decline with more frequent occurrence of diseases in the garlic production at Cheng County,14 garlic cultivars,introduced or locally collected,were used in 2020 and 2021 to conduct cultivar screen trial for autumn sowing garlics at Cheng County.Results showed that average fresh yield data of garlic sprout in Chengxianchisuan(3rd generation),Chengxianchisuan(7th generation),Wuba garlic and Hunan garlic were superior,which were 5671.5,5029.5,4983.0 and 4950.0 kg/ha,respectively,the increase in yield of the above 4 cultivars,compared with the yield of control,Chengxianchisuan(CK),were 16.41%,3.23%,2.28%and 1.60%,respectively.Average garlic dry yield peaked in control,which was 20572.5 kg/ha,followed by Xu garlic 917,Xuzi No.1,Xubai No.1,Yangxian No.1 and Xuan 24,which were 19572.0,19572.0,18429.0,18144.0 and 18001.5 kg/ha,respectively,the reduction in yield of the above 5 cultivars,compared with the yield of control,were 4.86%,4.86%,10.42%,11.80%and 12.50%,respectively.Overall,Chengxianchisuan(3rd generation),Chengxianchisuan(7th generation),Wuba garlic,Hunan garlic and control were recommended as main cultivars in the production of garlic sprouts while control,Xugarlic 917,Xuzi No.1,Xubai No.1,Yangxian No.1 and Xuan 24 were recommended as main cultivars in the production of garlics.