反思生产:以生态文明为参照

Rethinking production:Taking ecological civilization as a reference

生产会给自然带来压力。近代以来,人类快速扩张生产是生态环境危机的根源,二元对立的自然观和欲望满足无限性的人的心理学为过度生产提供了支持。从生态文明角度看,这种生产重视文明忽视生态,强调分离忽视统一,将社会矛盾解决的成本转嫁给自然,付出了巨大的生态环境代价。是故,我们需要重思自然界的优先地位,强调它之于文明的基础性及人和自然的统一性,开启从两极到中介、从无穷欲求到适当满足、从过度生产到遵循中道的转变。中道原则是生态文明的生产原则,它对人的主体性提出了更高要求:在人化自然的基础上再升华,以人的自然化为目标重塑生产。

This paper rethinks production by reference to ecological civilization. It is argued that all production brings pressure to nature,and the rapid expansion of human production since modern times is the root of the ecological crisis. The dualistic view of nature and the psychology of people with unlimited desire provide support for overproduction. From the perspective of ecological civilization,this kind of production emphasizes civilization but neglects ecology,stresses separation but neglects unity,and shifts the cost of solving social conflicts to nature,which is still not acceptable and satisfactory despite the huge ecological and environmental costs. Therefore,we need to rethink the priority of nature,emphasize its foundation for civilization and the unity of man and nature,and initiate the transformation from bipolar to intermediary,from endless desire to moderate satisfaction,from overproduction to following the middle way. The principle of the middle way is the production principle of ecological civilization. It puts forward higher requirements for human subjectivity: sublimate on the basis of humanized nature,and reshape production with the goal of human naturalization.