基于仿生翅脉流道冷板的锂离子电池组液冷散热

Research on liquid cooling and heat dissipation of lithium-ion battery pack based on bionic wings vein channel cold plate

基于方形锂离子电池生热特点,设计了一款新型仿生翅脉流道冷板。在数值传热学理论基础上,建立了仿生翅脉流道冷板的电池组液冷冷却散热模型,对仿生翅脉流道冷板和进出口位置不同的两种并行流道冷板的锂离子电池组冷却散热分别进行了数值模拟计算,并分析了电池组相邻冷板冷却液流向和流道槽深等参数对仿生翅脉流道冷板散热的影响。结果表明:与并行流道冷板相比,仿生翅脉流道冷板冷却不仅能够进一步降低电池组最高温度和温差,提升温度分布均匀性,还可以减小流道压力损失,降低能量消耗。电池组相邻冷板冷却液交错流比同向流电池组的表面最高温度降低了0.62 K,温差减小了1.13 K,平均温度变化相差不大,温度场分布均匀性得到进一步提升;冷却液质量流量不变,随着流道槽深的增大,电池组的最高温度、平均温度和温差均出现先增大后减小的现象,但随着流道槽深的增加,电池组的重量和所占空间也会增加,当流道槽深为2 mm时冷板冷却效果最优。研究结果可为探索散热性能更好、能耗更低的电池组热管理系统提供参考。

Based on the heat production characteristics of square lithium-ion batteries, a sort of bionic wing vein channel cool plate was developed. Based on numerical heat transfer theory, a liquid-cooled heat dissipation model of the battery pack is developed for the cold plate of the bionic wings vein channel, and the numerical simulation calculations were performed on the lithium-ion battery packs of the two parallel flow channel cold plates with various inlet and outlet positions and the bionic wings vein channel cold plate. The impact of the neighboring cold plates of the battery pack’s cooling liquid flow direction and channel depth on the heat dissipation of the bionic wings vein channel cold plate is investigated. The results demonstrate that when compared with the cold plate in the parallel channel, chilling the cold plate in the bionic wing channel may lower not only the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery pack but also the pressure loss of the flow channel and the energy consumption. Compared with that of the battery pack in the same direction. the maximum surface temperature of the adjacent cold plate coolant in the staggered flow of the battery pack decreases by 0.62 K and the temperature difference decreases by 1.13 K. The average temperature change is not significantly different, and the temperature field distribution homogeneity has improved. The coolant mass flow rate remains constant, while the battery pack’s maximum temperature, average temperature, and temperature differential rise initially,then fall as the groove depth increases. However, as the depth of the channel increases, the weight and space occupied by the battery pack will also increase. The cooling effect of the cold plate is optimal when the channel groove depth is 2 mm. The findings might be used to investigate the thermal management of battery packs with improved heat dissipation and decreased energy usage.