族际交往中的“石榴籽效应”——个体特征、网络结构与社会效应

Pomegranate Seeds Effect in Cross-Ethnic Interaction:Personal Attributes,Network Structure and Social Effects

铸牢中华民族共同体意识是当前民族工作中的一个重要议题。本文从社会网络视角出发,探讨了铸牢中华民族共同体意识的族际交往途径,在理论上分析了族际交往意愿的决定因素、梯度差异、行为结果和社会效应,并采用中国西部社会变迁调查数据开展实证分析。研究结果表明:第一,从族际交往的决定因素来看,跨民族交往能力和现代性水平深刻影响着族际交往意愿;第二,从族际交往的行为结果来看,族际交往意愿直接形塑人们的社会网络结构和社会资本存量;第三,从族际交往的社会效应来看,族际交往显著影响个体的社会信任水平和国家认同程度。这些结论具有重要的政策启示,包括未来民族政策中需要加强国家通用语言推广和民族语言推广,加速乡村振兴和现代化进程,在民族地区优化社会资本、提升社会信任和增强国家认同,以在实践中铸牢中华民族共同体意识。

Forging the sense of community for the Chinese nation is an important issue in current ethnic work.This paper explores the ways of cross-ethnic interaction with the aim of forging the sense of community for the Chinese nation.On the one hand,it theoretically analyzes the determinants,gradient differences,behavioral consequences and social effects of ethnic interaction willingness from the perspective of social networks;on the other hand,it conducts empirical analysis using data from the China Survey of Social Change(in western areas).The findings are as follows.First,regarding the determinants of ethnic interaction,the language proficiency and modernity profoundly affect the willingness to interact with one another.Secondly,concerning the results of ethnic interaction,the willingness of ethnic interaction directly shapes people’s social network structure and social capital stock.Thirdly,as to the social effects of ethnic interaction,the willingness of ethnic interaction significantly affects individual’s social trust level and national identity.These findings have important policy implications.Namely,future ethnic policies need to further promote Putonghua and ethnic minorities’ languages and accelerate the process of rural revitalization and modernization as well as optimize social capital,enhance social trust and strengthen national identity in ethnic areas,so as to forge the sense of community for the Chinese nation in practice.