从法国社会学到中国马克思主义民族学——杨堃先生的治学路径和初心

From French Sociology to Chinese Marxist Ethnology:Mr.Yang Kun’s Academic Career and Original Aspiration

作为中国第一代民族学家,早年的杨堃是法国社会学派在国内的主要传播者,晚年又是国内马克思主义民族学的积极倡导者和建设者。从法国社会学到马克思主义民族学是贯穿杨堃先生一生的学术主线。而支配这条主线的有杨堃先生真诚的学术信仰,也有其贯穿一生的政治初心。新中国成立后,杨堃先生对法国社会学派做出批评或批判的同时,也始终为其留有“借鉴”空间。在艰苦的环境中他一面坚决维护“民族学”和“马克思主义民族学”的名义和地位,一面也用具体研究不断填充着这一学科的内涵。对于杨堃先生来说,马克思主义既是一种学术信仰,也是一种政治信仰,二者缺一不可。为达到这种圆满,他不懈奋斗,历经磨难。这种信念连同他的著述一样珍贵,值得我们永远珍惜和继承。

As one of the pioneering Chinese ethnologists,Yang Kun was the main bearer of the French sociological school in China in his early years,as well as the active advocate and founder of Marxist ethnology of China in his later years.The transformation from French sociology to Marxist ethnology marks Mr.Yang Kun’s main academic career.The primary impetus of the progression was his sincere academic belief and original political aspiration all his life.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,Mr.Yang Kun criticized the French sociological school,but also left room as " reference" for it.In hard time,he firmly held fast to the name and status of "ethnology" and " Marxist ethnology",while constantly filled the connotation of this subject with concrete researches.For Mr.Yang Kun,Marxism is not only an academic belief,but also a political belief,and both are indispensable.To achieve this perfection,he fought for the whole life through hardship and adversity.This belief is as precious as his writings and is our eternal treasure and inheritance.