基于全国人口普查数据的武汉人口发展特点研究

Research on the Characteristics of Wuhan’s Population Development Based on National Census Data

在我国人口增速放缓和人口集聚程度增强的大背景下,武汉市人口发展呈现出总量持续保持快速增长趋势、常住人口家庭结构更趋小型化、人口性别结构正逐步突破合理区间、人口年龄结构红利期仍将持续、少子老龄化问题仍将进一步恶化、人才资源优势居全国前列、流动人口有效改善人口结构、人口的空间分布渐趋合理等新特征。针对武汉人口发展现状,一是充分发挥武汉在自然生态和科教、产业上的优势,出台更加包容的户籍政策吸引人才;二是完善公益性基本公共教育制度,出台更多有利于女性参与的劳动就业创业政策,建立覆盖流动人口的住房保障制度,助推人口生育率提升;三是提高流动人口养老保险参保率,鼓励健康老年人社会服务,培育银发经济,保障老年人合法权益,化解老龄化危机;四是制定重点突出的区域人口政策,增强区域间协调性,推进武汉人口政策改革。

Under the background of the slowdown of population growth and the increase of population agglomeration in my country, the population development of Wuhan City has shown a trend of continuous rapid growth in total population, the family structure of the permanent population has become smaller, and the gender structure of the population is gradually breaking through reasonable New features such as interval and population age structure dividend period will continue, the problem of low birthrate and aging will continue to worsen, the advantage of human resources will be at the forefront of the country, the floating population will effectively improve the population structure, and the spatial distribution of the population will gradually become more reasonable. In view of the current situation of population development in Wuhan, firstly, give full play to Wuhan’s advantages in natural ecology, science, education, and industry, and introduce a more inclusive household registration policy to attract talents;secondly, improve the basic public education system for public welfare, and introduce more labor that is conducive to women’s participation Employment and entrepreneurship policies, establish a housing security system covering the floating population, and boost the fertility rate of the population;the third is to increase the pension insurance participation rate of the floating population, encourage social services for the healthy elderly,cultivate the silver-haired economy, protect the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly, and resolve aging The fourth is to formulate key regional population policies, enhance inter-regional coordination, and promote the reform of Wuhan’s population policy.