基于InVEST模型的万年县生境质量时空演变与景观格局分析

Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Habitat Quality and Landscape Pattern in Wannian County Based on InVEST Model

【目的】生态文明建设背景下,开展区域生境质量研究对保护研究区生态环境和维持生物多样性具有重要意义,通过探究研究区生境质量的时空演变规律,揭示其变化的内在机理,并进一步分析生境质量与景观格局的相关性,为万年县生态环境保护以及国土空间规划提供一定的科学依据与实践思路。【方法】运用InVEST模型和GeoDa软件对研究区生境质量的时空演变进行分析,运用ArcGIS工具对处理后的数据进行可视化呈现,利用Fragstats软件计算出所选的十类景观格局指数,并通过SPSS平台将生境质量与景观格局指数进行相关性分析。【结果】(1)2000—2020年,研究区生境质量指数分别为0.7007、0.6371和0.6982,总体来讲变化幅度不大,呈现出先上升后下降的规律,这表明研究区整体的生境质量良好且较为稳定;(2)通过空间自相关分析发现,研究区3个时期的生境质量指数在空间分布上均呈正相关,生境质量指数的集聚现象较为显著且集聚性随时间推移逐步增强,其中西北部、中部和东南部地区的生境质量具有较为显著的空间集聚性;(3)随时间变化,研究区内部的各个地类斑块形状趋于不规则,破碎化程度加深,其中,2000年仅有LPI、ED、IJI、DIVISION、SHDI、SHEI这6类景观格局指数与生境质量呈现显著的相关性,而2010、2020年则扩大为所选的全部景观格局指数均呈显著相关性,这表明生境质量与景观格局的相关性在逐步增强。【结论】以探究万年县多期生境质量为切入点,做出一系列深入的相关性分析,以此表征研究区整体生态环境的变化趋势,为该地区生态环境保护以及国土空间规划的可持续发展提供具有合理性和可参考价值的生态因素。

[Objective]Under the background of the construction of ecological civilization,the development of regional habitat quality research is of great significance to the protection of the ecological environmentand the maintenance of biodiversity in the area.This study aims to explore the temporal and spatial evolution of the habitat quality and reveal the internal mechanism of its change by analyzing the correlation between habitat quality and landscape pattern,thus providing scientific basis and approaches for the ecological environment protection and land space planning of Wannian County.[Methods]In this paper,the InVEST model and GeoDa software were mainly used to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of the habitat quality in the area,the ArcGIS tools were used to visualize the processed data,and the Fragstats software was used to calculate the selected ten types of landscape pattern indexes,then The SPSS was used to analyzes the correlation between the habitat quality and the landscape pattern index.[Results](1)From 2000 to 2020,the habitat quality index of the study area was 0.7007,0.6371,and 0.6982 respectively.Generally speaking,the range of change was not large,which showed a pattern of risingand thenfalling.This indicated that the overall habitat quality of the area was good and relatively stable;(2)Through spatial autocorrelation analysis,it was found that the habitat quality index of the three periods in the study area was positively correlated in spatial distribution.The agglomeration of the habitat quality index value was more significant and the agglomeration gradually increased over time.The habitat quality of the northern,central and southeastern regions had significant spatial agglomeration;(3)As time changes,the shape of various land patches in the area tended to be irregular and the degree of fragmentation deepened.In 2000,there were only six types of landscape pattern indexes:LPI,ED,IJI,DIVISION,SHDI,and SHEI,which showed a significant correlation with habitat quality.However,in 2010 and 2020,all the selected landscape pattern indexes were significantly correlated,which showed that the correlation between habitat quality and landscape pattern was gradually increasing.[Conclusion]This study explored Wannian County’s multi-phase habitat quality as by conducting a series of in-depth correlation analysis to characterize the change trend of the overall ecological environment of the area.This study contributes to the local ecological environment protection and the sustainable development of land space planning by provideing rational ecological factors with reference value.