大学生群体中抑郁症的生物学解释对公众污名的影响

The Impact of Biological Explanations of Depression on Public Stigma in Chinese College Students

目的:本研究主要探索在中国普通大学生群体中,抑郁症的生物遗传学解释对抑郁症公众污名的作用,以及对推荐帮助类型产生的影响。方法:选取132名中国在校大学生,采用单因素被试间设计,自变量是对抑郁症原因解释的类型(社会心理学解释、生物遗传学解释),因变量是对抑郁症当事人的感知危险性、社交距离、责备和预后以及对抑郁症当事人的求助建议。结果:(1)与社会心理学解释组被试相比,生物遗传学解释组被试对抑郁症当事人的感知危险性(χ^(2)=12.14,P<0.01)和社交距离(χ^(2)=4.13,P<0.05)更高,两组被试对抑郁症患者的责备和预后没有显著差异;(2)社会心理学解释组被试更推荐当事人向家人寻求帮助(χ^(2)=7.43,P<0.05),生物遗传学解释组被试则更推荐当事人服用抗抑郁药物(χ^(2)=8.73,P<0.05)。结论:与社会心理学解释相比,生物遗传学解释提高了中国大学生群体对抑郁症的公众污名。

Objective:This experiment explores the effect of the biogenetic explanation of depression on the stigma of depression and its different dimensions in Chinese college students,as well as the influence on the type of help-seeking recommended by them.Methods:This experiment selected 132 Chinese college students and adopted a single factor betweensubject design.The independent variables were the two explanatory types of depression(the psychosocial or the biogenetic).The dependent variables were perceived risk,social distance desire,blame and prognosis of the depressed client and advice to seek help.Results:(1) Compared with the participants in the psychosocial explanation group,the participants in the biogenetic explanation group had higher perceived risk(χ^(2)=12.14,P<0.01) and social distance desire(χ^(2)=4.13,P<0.05),and there were no significant differences in blame and prognosis between these two groups.(2) The participants in the psychosocial explanation group were more preferred to recommend the depressed client to seek help from family members(χ^(2)=7.43,P<0.05);the participants in the biogenetic explanation group were more preferred to recommend taking antidepressants(χ^(2)=8.73,P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with psychosocial explanation,biogenetic explanation increases the public stigma of depression in Chinese college students.