民办高校教师的职业心理状态、类型特征及优化策略

Occupational Psychological State,Types Traits and Optimization Strategies of Teachers in Private Colleges and Universities

对2608名民办高校教师的调查发现,教师的职业情感、教学效能感、工作压力的均值分别为4.090、4.109、2.873。各维度中,职业认同、促进学生投入效能感的均值相对较低,工作保障方面压力的均值相对较高。样本民办高校教师的职业心理状态呈稳定轻松、积极胜任、激情负荷、消极焦虑四种类型,分别占比45.20%、13.30%、3.10%、38.30%。不同性别、年龄、学历水平、劳务关系、年收支情况的教师群体,在职业心理状态的类型方面存在显著差异。民办高校需更全面满足教师的职业心理需求,提供系统化的组织支持;全周期关注教师职业心理状态的类型,形成常态长效的保障体系;多角度优化教师层次结构,建设结构合理的教师梯队。

The survey of 2608 teachers in private colleges and universities found that the mean value of occupational emotion,teaching efficacy and work pressure were 4.090,4.109 and 2.873 respectively.In each sub-dimension,the mean value of occupational identity(3.863)and the self-efficacy of promoting students'investment(4.050)were relatively low.The average pressure of job security(3.305)was relatively high.There are four types of teachers'occupational psychological states:stable and relaxed,active and competent,passion and overload,negative and anxious.Teachers with different gender,age,educational level,labor relationship and annual income and expenditure have significant differences in their occupational psychological states.Private colleges and universities should meet the occupational psychological needs of teachers in an all-round way,provide systematic organizational support and create a good occupational psychological environment.Pay attention to the types of teachers'occupational psychological state in the whole cycle,strengthen the targeted psychological care,and form a long-term occupational psychological state security system;Optimize the hierarchical structure of teachers from multiple angles,build a balanced echelon of teachers,and strengthen the overall effectiveness of teachers.