黄河流域高技术产业科技创新与生态环境耦合协调研究

Coupling and Coordination Study of Scientific and Technological Innovation and Ecological Environment in High-Tech Industries in the Yellow River Basin

高技术产业发展对人类经济社会和生态环境等具有巨大影响,而科技创新是当前突破产业发展瓶颈的动力源泉。为了给破解黄河流域协调发展难题、助推黄河流域高质量发展提供理论依据和参考,基于高技术产业科技创新与生态环境交互机理构建评价指标体系,测算2005—2019年黄河流域各省份高技术产业科技创新与生态环境两系统的综合发展水平及其耦合协调度,借助莫兰指数、基尼系数与核密度曲线分析耦合协调度时空联系及演变规律。研究结果表明:黄河流域各省份高技术产业科技创新与生态环境两系统的关系均为高技术产业科技创新滞后型,研究时段内两系统综合发展水平的差异持续缩小并呈向好态势;黄河流域高技术产业科技创新与生态环境耦合协调状态整体上趋于优化向好,从2005年勉强协调变为2019年初级协调,但不同年份各省份耦合协调度差异显著,山西、山东、河南、四川、宁夏5个省份耦合协调度呈增长趋势,而内蒙古、陕西、甘肃、青海4个省份耦合协调度呈下降态势,上、中、下游省份的耦合协调度大小顺序为下游>中游>上游;黄河流域各省份耦合协调度存在正向联系,即一个省份耦合协调度的提高有利于相邻省份提高耦合协调度;随着时间推移,上、中、下游各区域内省份间耦合协调度绝对差异变小,但区域间尤其上下游间耦合协调度差异显著、呈两极分化趋势。建议:增强科技创新能力,提升生态环境质量;发挥资源禀赋优势,提升高技术产业科技创新与生态环境耦合协调度;强化区域间联系,缩小发展差距。

The development of high-tech industries has a huge impact on human economy,society and ecological environment,and scientific and technological innovation is the source of power for breaking through the bottleneck of industrial development at present.In order to provide a theoretical basis and reference for solving the issue of coordinated development of the Yellow River Basin and promoting the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin,an evaluation index system was built based on the interaction mechanism between high-tech industrial scientific and technological innovation and ecological environment,and the comprehensive development level and coupling coordination degree of the two systems of high-tech industrial science and technology innovation and ecological environment in various provinces in the Yellow River Basin from 2005 to 2019 were calculated and the spatial-temporal relationship and evolution law of coupling coordination degree were analyzed by means of the Moran index,Gini coefficient and nuclear density curve.The results show that the relationship between the scientific and technological innovation of high-tech industries and the ecological environment in all provinces of the Yellow River Basin is lagging behind the scientific and technological innovation in high-tech industries,and the gap between the comprehensive development level of the two systems continues to narrow and show a good trend during the research period;The coupling coordination state of scientific and technological innovation and ecological environment coupling in high-tech industries in the Yellow River Basin as a whole tends to be optimized and improved,from barely coordinated in 2005 to primary coordination in 2019,but the coupling coordination degree of different provinces varies significantly in different years,and the coupling coordination degree of Shanxi,Shandong,Henan,Sichuan and Ningxia shows an increasing trend,while the coupling coordination degree of Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi,Gansu and Qinghai shows a downward trend and the order of coupling coordination degree of the upper,middle and lower provinces is the downstream>middle reaches>upstream;There is a positive link between the coupling coordination degrees of various provinces in the Yellow River Basin,that is,the improvement of the coupling coordination degree of one province is conducive to the improvement of the coupling coordination degree of neighboring provinces;With the passage of time,the absolute difference in coupling coordination between provinces in the upper,middle and lower reaches of the region becomes smaller,but the coupling coordination degree between regions,especially between upstream and downstream,is significant and polarized.Recommendations are as follows:To enhance the ability of scientific and technological innovation and improve the quality of the ecological environment;To give full play to the advantages of resources endowments and improve the coupling and coordination of scientific and technological innovation and ecological environment in high-tech industries and;To strengthen interregional linkages and narrow the development gap.