3D打印用聚乳酸复合材料进展

Research Progress of PLA Composite For 3D Printing

聚乳酸(PLA)作为一种生物可降解聚合物已成为3D打印领域中的主要原料,但是,其脆性较大、耐热性能解差等缺陷限制了其应用。通过将聚乳酸与纤维、纳米填料等以一定方法制备聚乳酸复合材料,克服了聚乳酸的性能缺陷,具有了更为显著的性能优势,可以扩大PLA在3D打印的应用范围。通过查阅近5年3D打印用PLA复合材料方面的研究文献,对3D打印用PLA复合材料的类型进行了分类并对其研究进展进行了整理。综述了近年来研究较多的聚乳酸复合材料的制备方法、打印工艺及性能特点,主要包括聚乳酸/天然植物纤维、聚乳酸/碳纤维、聚乳酸纳米等复合材料,得到了3D打印用PLA复合材料存在的主要问题,并展望其未来的发展方向。

Polylactic acid(PLA)as a biodegradable polymer has occupied an important position in 3 D printing materials.However,its shortcomings such as high brittleness and poor heat resistance limit its application.The PLA composite filled with fibers and fillers exhibit good performance,so as to expand the application of PLA in the field of 3 D printing.The literatures on PLA composite for 3 D printing in recent five years are reviewed,the types of the PLA composite are classified,and the research progress is summarized.The preparation,printing process and performance of PLA composite mainly including PLA/plant fiber,PLA/carbon fiber and PLA nanocomposite are reviewed respectively.Moreover,the main problems of PLA composite are pointed out and the development direction of PLA composite is prospected.