数字平台垄断问题的“算法共谋”根源及“良法善治”思路

The origin of“algorithmic collusion”of digital platform monopoly and the idea of“good law and good governance”

随着数字平台的急剧扩张,“二选一”“大数据杀熟”等市场竞争问题也日益严重。数字平台的扩张源于算法的迭代与演进,而数字平台垄断问题的产生往往是由“算法共谋”导致的。算法提升市场透明度、增加经营者交互频率的特点,使共谋不受市场集中度限制,更容易发生;而且借助算法,经营者之间更容易达成“默示共谋”,使共谋更难以识别。面对由算法共谋导致的数字平台垄断问题,应当在完善相关法律法规,即“良法”基础上,实现反垄断监管的转型与创新,也即“善治”。

With the rapid expansion of digital platforms,market competition problems such as“one out of two”and“big data-enabled price discrimination”are becoming more and more serious.The expansion of digital platform comes from the iteration and evolution of algo-rithm,and the monopoly of digital platform is often caused by“algorithm collusion”.The algorithm improves market transparency and in-creases the interaction frequency of operators,so that collusion is not limited by market concentration and is more likely to occur;moreover,with the help of algorithms,it is easier for operators to reach“implied collusion”,which makes collusion more difficult to identify.Facing the digital platform monopoly problem caused by algorithm collusion,we should realize the transformation and innovation of antitrust super-vision,that is,“good governance”,on the basis of improving relevant laws and regulations,that is,“good law”.