体外建立灵长类动物滋养层细胞系的研究进展

Research Progress on the Establishment of Primates Trophoblast Cell Lines

滋养层(Trophoblast)是构成胎盘的主要细胞类型,但调节灵长类动物滋养层细胞特别是滋养层干细胞(Trophoblast Stem Cell,TSC)发育的分子机制的研究因为材料来源和伦理的限制,目前知之甚少.因此,建立灵长类动物滋养层细胞模型对胎盘发育以及胎盘相关疾病的研究极为重要,目前已经建立了多种不同的灵长类滋养层细胞系模型.本文分别从:组织来源的灵长类滋养层细胞、灵长类胚胎干细胞诱导的滋养层细胞、灵长类胚胎直接来源的滋养层干细胞以及从体细胞中重编程得到的滋养层干细胞4种不同来源的滋养层细胞进行综述,回顾并探索其建立过程、优缺点,以及滋养层细胞系应用的研究进展.

Trophoblast cells are main cell types within placenta,however the molecular mechanisms underlying trophoblast,especially trophoblast stem cell(TSC)development remain poorly understood,due to limited resources and ethic restriction.Thus,establishment and modeling development of primates trophoblast in vitro is a main goal in reproductive biology.Here,we first summarize the establishment of trophoblast cells from four different sources:trophoblast cell lines isolated from primary tissue,trophoblast cells induced by primate embryonic stem cells,trophoblast stem cell lines derived from primate embryos,and trophoblast stem cells induced from somatic cells,and we also discuss their merits and limitations,as well as research progress on the application of trophoblast cell lines.