超声新技术评估心肌僵硬度的研究进展

Research Progress of New Ultrasonic Technology in Evaluating Myocardial Stiffness

心肌僵硬度反映心肌在受到应力作用时发生应变的能力,是心肌本身的一种被动物理特性。它是评价心脏舒张功能的主要参数之一,也是评价射血分数保留性心衰的重要指标。目前临床一直缺乏直接、简便快速、无创评估左室心肌僵硬度的有效方法,精确无创评估心肌僵硬度的方法有着非常重要的临床实用价值。该文探讨超声新技术评估心肌僵硬度的最新研究进展,主要包括由心肌组织运动产生的自然剪切波和心肌内在伸展波,以及基于声辐射力产生的剪切波弹性成像技术和声辐射力脉冲,为心肌僵硬度的后续相关研究及临床诊断提供参考依据。

Myocardial stiffness is a passive physical property of the myocardium,which reflects its capacity to strain when myocardium is subjected to stress.It is one of the main parameters to evaluate diastolic function and also an important index to evaluate heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.There is lack of a direct,simple,rapid and noninvasive method to evaluate left ventricular myocardial stiffness.Therefore,a noninvasive method to accurately assess myocardial stiffness is of great clinical value.The purpose of this review is to discuss the research progress of new ultrasonic techniques to evaluate myocardial stiffness,including natural shear wave generated by mitral and aortic valve closure,intrinsic diastolic wave generated by cardiac movement,shear wave elastography and acoustic radiation force pulse based on acoustic radiation force,so as to provide a feasible reference for subsequent scientific studies and clinical practice.