健康宣教联合情感关怀对白血病化疗患者口腔健康的影响

Effects of health education combined with emotional care on oral health of leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy

目的探讨健康宣教联合情感关怀对白血病患者化疗后预防口腔炎的效果,以改善患者的不良心理和口腔卫生状况。方法84例白血病化疗患者分为对照组和观察组各42例,均接受常规化疗护理,观察组在此基础上予以健康宣教联合情感关怀,对比2组干预前后的汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分,干预前、化疗14 d及干预后的口腔健康评估表(OHAT)评分和中文版口腔健康影响程度量表(OHIP-14)评分,分析2组口腔炎程度以及临床护理满意度。结果干预后,观察组口腔炎总发生率(4.76%)明显低于对照组(19.05%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.087,P=0.043)。观察组干预后的HAMA、HAMD、OHAT、OHIP-14评分均低于对照组,护理总满意度高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论健康宣教联合情感关怀有助于降低白血病化疗患者口腔炎发生率,改善患者的不良心理和口腔卫生状况,提升患者对临床护理的满意度。

Objective To explore the prevention effects of health education combined with emotional care on stomatitis in leukemia patients after chemotherapy so as to improve unhealthy psychology and oral hygiene status of patients.Methods A total of 84 leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy were divided into control group and observation group,with 42 in each group.All received routine chemotherapy care.On this basis,the observation group accepted health education combined with emotional care.The scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)before and after intervention and the scores of oral health assessment tool(OHAT)and Chinese version of oral health impact profile-14(OHIP-14)before intervention,14 days after chemotherapy and after intervention were compared between the two groups.The severity of stomatitis and clinical nursing satisfaction in both groups were analyzed.Results After intervention,the total incidence rate of stomatitis in the observation group(4.76%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(19.05%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.087,P=0.043).The scores of HAMA,HAMD,OHAT and OHIP-14 after intervention in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the degree of nursing satisfaction was higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Health education combined with emotional care can help reduce the incidence of stomatitis in leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy,improve unhealthy psychology and oral hygiene status,and increase the clinical nursing satisfaction of patients.