5种杀菌剂对小麦赤霉病的活性测定方法比较

Comparison of methods for activity evaluation of five fungicides against wheat scab

针对防治小麦赤霉病的新药筛选需求,建立科学的试验评价方法。以小麦赤霉病为靶标,采用菌丝生长速率法、孢子萌发法、叶片法、盆栽法和田间小区试验5种方法,比较和评价了丙硫菌唑、戊唑醇、氟唑菌酰羟胺、氰烯菌酯、多菌灵5种不同结构类型的药剂的室内活性与田间防效。结果为5种试验方法下,同一杀菌剂表现出的活性有所不同。综合而言,5种杀菌剂中,氟唑菌酰羟胺对小麦赤霉病的活性最高,其次为丙硫菌唑、氰烯菌酯、戊唑醇和多菌灵。通过比较5种试验方法在试验周期、用药量、反映的活性特征等方面的差异,建议菌丝生长速率法、孢子萌发法用于先导化合物的发现和优化,叶片法、盆栽法用于活性化合物的验证,田间小区试验用于高活性化合物的评价。

Scientific evaluation methods were established,in order to screen new compounds for controlling wheat scab.Mycelial growth rate method,spore germination method,leaf method,pot-culture method and field plot test were used to evaluate the bioactivity of prothioconazole,tebuconazole,pydiflumetofen,phenamacril and carbendazim against Fusarium graminearum.The tests indicated the same fungicide showed different activity under different methods.Overall,among the five fungicides,pydiflumetofen had the highest activity against wheat scab,followed by prothioconazole,phenamacril,tebuconazole and carbendazim.By comparing the differences of five methods in terms of test period,dosage,reflected activity characteristics,it was recommended that,the mycelial growth rate method and spore germination method should be used to discovery and optimize lead compounds,the leaf method and pot-culture method should be used to verify active compounds,and the field plot test should be used to evaluate high active compounds.