“一村一名大学生”工程有助于农民创业吗?

Does the“One-Student in One-Village”Project Help Farmers Start Businesses?

人才振兴是乡村振兴的重要基础和保障,人才培养是推动乡村人才振兴的重要渠道。利用1062份农民调查数据,运用Probit模型和中介效应模型,实证分析农民参加“一村一名大学生”工程对其创业行为的影响及作用机制。结果表明:农民参加“一村一名大学生”工程对其创业行为具有显著正向影响,考虑内生性和稳健性后,结论仍然可靠,尤其对45岁及以下的农民学员促进作用更为明显;进一步分析发现农民参加“一村一名大学生”工程能够促进农地转入,降低亲友间借贷的难度,破解土地要素与资金要素的约束,进而推动其创业。基于此,建议充分发挥“一村一名大学生”工程的积极作用,为有能力且创业意愿高的农民学员提供创业指导;建立乡村振兴人才培养信息库,发挥农民学员的头雁作用;完善创业服务等相关配套政策支持体系,降低农民创业的土地和资金约束;优化创业环境,建立人才服务产业园,实现乡村人才振兴和产业振兴。

Talent revitalization is a necessary foundation and guarantee for rural revitalization,and talent guarantee is an important channel for promote rural talent revitalization.This paper empirically tests the impact and mechanism of farmers’participation in the project of“One-Student in One-Village”(OSOV)on farmers’entrepreneurship using 1062 farmers’questionnaire data by Probit model and intermediary effect model.The results show that:the results show that farmers’participation in the OSOV project has a significant positive impact on their entrepreneurial behavior.After considering the endogeneity and robustness,the conclusion is still reliable,and the impact degree has a more obvious effect on farmers of the age of 45.Further analysis shows that there is an intermediate transmission mechanism between the two.Farmers participating in the training project can break the constraints of land elements and capital elements by increasing the trasfer of farmland and reducing the difficulty of borrowing between relatives and friends,so as to promote students’entrepreneurship.Based on this,we should give full play to the positive role of the OSOV project and provide entrepreneurial guidance for farmers with ability and high entrepreneurial willingness;Establish the information base of talent training for rural revitalization,and give play to the leading role of peasant students;Improve the supporting policy system for entrepreneurship services and reduce the land and capital constraints on farmers’entrepreneurship;Optimize the entrepreneurial environment,establish a talent service Industrial Park,and realize the revitalization of rural talents and industries.