重庆市某儿童专科医院早产儿家长家庭参与式护理认知与需求的现状调查

Status of cognition and needs of family integrated care among parents of premature infants in a children's hospital in Chongqing

目的调查早产儿家长对家庭参与式护理(FICare)的认知及需求情况,为制订适宜的FICare方案提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,于2021年3—7月选取在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院新生儿医护一体化门诊随访的160名早产儿家长为研究对象,采用自行设计的早产儿家长对FICare的认知需求调查问卷对早产儿家长进行调查。共发放160份问卷,回收有效问卷140份,有效回收率为87.5%。结果140名早产儿家长中,135名家长认为FICare有益;71.9%(97/135)的家长选择每天参与1~4 h的照护,但31.1%(42/135)的家长缺乏照护信心。家长选择的FICare服务提供者中,94.1%(127/135)为新生儿科医生、88.9%(120/135)为新生儿科护士、62.2%(84/135)为母乳喂养咨询师、62.2%(84/135)为营养师;理想的培训方式中选择模拟教学、线上课程的家长分别占66.7%(90/135)、58.5%(79/135);出院指导是家长迫切需要的服务内容,得分率为74.5%。结论早产儿家长对FICare有多层次、多维度的需求,未来有必要结合家长需求开展分层次、全方位的FICare服务,以改善早产儿家庭结局。

Objective To investigate the cognition and demands of parents of premature infants on family integrated care(FICare)and to provide reference for formulating appropriate FICare programs.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 160 parents of premature infants who were followed up in Neonatal Integrated Clinic of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from March to July 2021 were selected as the research objects.The parents of premature infants were surveyed using a self-designed Questionnaire on the Cognitive Needs of Parents of Premature Infants on FICare.A total of 160 questionnaires were distributed and 140 valid questionnaires were recovered,with the effective recovery rate of 87.5%.Results Among 140 parents of premature infants,135 parents thought FICare was beneficial.71.9%(97/135)parents chose to participate in 1 to 4 hours of care every day,but 31.1%(42/135)parents lacked confidence in care.Among the FICare providers selected by the parents,94.1%(127/135)were neonatologists,88.9%(120/135)were neonatal nurses,62.2%(84/135)were breast-feeding counselors and 62.2%(84/135)were dietitians.66.7%(90/135)parents and 58.5%(79/135)parents chose simulation teaching and online course as the ideal training mode.Discharge guidance was the service that parents urgently needed,with a score of 74.5%.Conclusions Parents of premature infants have multi-level and multi-dimensional demands for FICare,so it is necessary to develop multi-level and all-round FICare services based on parents'demands in the future to improve the outcomes of families of premature infants.