殖民主义阴影下的难民命运——诺奖作家古尔纳《海边》的主题考论

An exploration into the fate of refugees in the shadow of colonialism in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s By the Sea

由于自身的成长环境和人生经历,2021年诺贝尔文学奖得主非洲作家古尔纳对殖民地人民的命运、殖民主义对殖民地的全方位渗透和影响以及难民在异国他乡的困境等问题给予特别关注,其第六部小说《海边》正是这样的代表作。殖民地人民深受殖民主义余毒的影响,在自己的国家难以生存下去,不得已以难民的身份去国离乡,前往曾经是殖民国的国家寻求庇护。作者精准地把握了殖民主义对殖民地人民的毁灭性影响和逃离本国后的难民群体不得不面临的种种困境,对殖民问题及其后果有着深刻反思。

Due to personal growth environment and life experiences, Abdulrazak Gurnah, the winner of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature, pays close attention to the fate of the colonized people, the all-round infiltration and influence of colonialism on the colonies and the plight of refugees in a foreign land. By the Sea, Gurnah’s sixth novel, is this kind of masterpiece. The colonial people were deeply affected by the remnants of colonialism and could hardly survive in their own countries. Therefore,they had to leave their hometowns as refugees and seek asylum in countries that were once colonial powers. The author accurately grasps the devastating impact of colonialism on the colonial people and the various difficulties that refugee groups have to face after fleeing their country, and has a profound reflection on the colonial issue and its consequences.