焦作市儿童蛲虫感染情况及影响因素

Pinworm Infection and Its Influencing Factors Among Children in Jiaozuo City

目的了解焦作市儿童蛲虫感染现状,分析其可能存在的影响因素,为制定儿童蛲虫防治对策提供科学依据。方法将焦作市博爱县等5个县区幼儿园分为城市、城郊和农村3层,每层调查监测人数大致均等,2020年9月对全体在园儿童采用透明胶纸(贴)肛拭法采样,镜检蛲虫卵,对幼儿监护人及幼儿园开展基本情况问卷调查。结果调查5个县(区)共11所幼儿园1139名儿童,蛲虫总感染率为4.04%(46/1139)。调查儿童年龄集中在3~7岁。不同年龄组儿童蛲虫感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄较大的儿童蛲虫感染率较高。男童蛲虫感染率与女童比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。农村、城市及城郊幼儿园的儿童蛲虫感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。农村幼儿园的儿童蛲虫感染率高达7.31%(25/342)。5个县(区)儿童蛲虫感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),修武县感染率最高(8.82%)。胶贴肛拭法对儿童蛲虫感染的诊断率与胶带纸肛拭法比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。儿童现住址、父母受教育程度、孩子和大人衣物是否分开洗、儿童是否喝生水、是否饭前洗手等因素对蛲虫感染率的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论焦作市幼儿园儿童蛲虫总体感染率较高,各县区及城市、农村感染率不同。农村幼儿园及现住址为农村的儿童蛲虫感染率较高,父母受教育程度及卫生习惯可影响蛲虫感染率。

Objective To understand the current situation of pinwormin infection among children in Jiaozuo,and analyze the possible influencing factors,and provide a scientific basis for developing child pinwormin control countermeasures.Methods Kindergartens in five counties,including Boai County,Jiaozuo City,were divided into urban,suburban and rural areas,and the number of investigation and monitoring on each floor was roughly equal.In September 2020,all children in the garden were sampled by transparent adhesive tape(paste)anal swab method.The pinworm eggs were examined microscopically.A questionnaire survey was carried out on children’s guardians and kindergartens.Results A total of 1139 children in 11 kindergartens in 5 counties(districts),and the total pinworm infection rate was 4.04%(46/1139).The investigated ages of children were 3 to 7 years old.The infection rates of pinworm in children of different age groups were statistically different(P<0.05).The infection rate of pinworm was higher in older children.There was no statistical difference in pinworm infection rate between boys and girls(P>0.05).The infection rates of pinworm among children in rural,urban and suburban kindergartens were statistically different(P<0.05).The pinworm infection rate of children in rural kindergartens was as high as 7.31%(25/342).The infection rate of pinworm among children in five counties(districts)was statistically different(P<0.05),and Xiuwu County had the highest infection rate(8.82%).There was no statistical difference in the diagnostic rate of pinworm infection in children between the adhesive anal swab method and the adhesive tape anal swab method(P>0.05).The influences of children’s current address,parents’education level,whether children and adults’clothes were washed separately,whether children drank raw water,and whether they washed their hands before meals on the infection rate of pinworm were statistically different(P<0.05).Conclusion The overall infection rate of children in Jiaozuo kindergartens is high,and the infection rate varies between counties and districts,and in urban and rural areas.The infection rates of rural kindergartens and children living in rural areas are high.Parents’education and good health habits can affect the insect infection rate.