健康教育干预对妇女产后避孕知识的影响

Effect of Health Education Intervention on Women’s Postpartum Contraceptive Knowledge

目的评估住院期间健康教育干预对妇女产后避孕知识的影响。方法2019年5月1日至8月31日采用整群随机对照试验的方法,将于北京市海淀区妇幼保健院住院待产的孕妇随机分配至干预组(658名)和对照组(654名)。给予对照组常规护理。给予干预组常规护理及其他干预措施,包括住院时发放避孕知识健康教育手册,住院期间的产后避孕知识咨询,提供24 h避孕咨询热线。干预前进行问卷调查。对参与研究的产妇产后42 d于医院进行检查时,再次用相同内容的问卷进行调查。结果干预组与对照组在产后42 d检查时完成干预后调查问卷的产妇分别是543名和537名。干预后,两组避孕知识得分升高,干预组避孕知识得分较对照组高(P<0.05)。只有75.69%的孕妇分娩前曾考虑进行产后避孕。结论住院待产期间对产妇进行产后避孕健康教育,可明显提升避孕知识水平。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health education intervention during hospitalization on women’s knowledge of postpartum contraception.Methods From May 1 to August 31,2019,a cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted to randomly assign pregnant women who were hospitalized in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Haidian District in Beijing to intervention group(658 cases)and control group(654 cases).Routine nursing was given to control group.Routine nursing and other intervention measures were given to intervention group,including issuing contraceptive knowledge health education manual during hospitalization,postpartum contraceptive knowledge consultation during hospitalization,and providing 24-hour contraceptive consultation hotline.Questionnaire survey was conducted before intervention.When the puerperants who participated in the study were examined in the hospital 42 days after delivery,they were investigated again with the same questionnaire.Results The intervention group and control group were 543 and 537 women who completed the questionnaire after the 42-day postnatal examination.After intervention,the scores of contraceptive knowledge in the two groups increased,and the score of contraceptive knowledge in intervention group were higher than that in control group(P<0.05).Only 75.69% of pregnant women had considered postpartum contraception before delivery.Conclusion Postpartum contraceptive health education for pregnant women during hospitalization can significantly improve the level of contraceptive knowledge.