面向人类增强技术的分配何以正义?——基于自我所有权的论证

Why is the Distribution of Human Enhancement Technology a Justice: an Argument Based on Self-Ownership

发展迅速并日益普遍的人类增强技术对分配领域造成巨大的影响。根据在增强技术下人们对其身体拥有所有权和支配权以及人类增强技术与人存在着高密度的关系可知,人类增强技术属于人们的“自我所有”。因此,不管是人类增强技术对持有主体的某些方面的功能产生增强效应从而提高持有主体的劳动效率或工作能力从而导致分配不平等,还是人类增强技术对持有主体的身体带来某些方面的风险或隐患从而降低持有主体的劳动效率或工作能力从而导致分配不平等,都不能被认为是分配不正义。不过,由于人类是一个共同体,生于其中的人们既存在隐形合作的事实,也存在化解风险的需要,更存在美美与共的理想,这就意味着仍然有必要对人类增强技术下的分配不平等进行共情调适。

The rapidly developing and increasingly popular human enhancement technology has a great impact on distribution.According to the ownership and domination of human body under human enhancement technology as well as the high-density relationship between human enhancement technology and people, this technology belongs to people’s “self-ownership”.Therefore, neither enhancement effect of this technology on some aspects of the functions of the holder leading to the improvement of the labor efficiency or working ability of the holder, which results in distribution inequality, nor some risks or hidden dangers to the body of the holder brought by this technology leading to less labor efficiency or working ability of the holder, which also results in distribution inequality, can be regarded as distributive injustice.However, human beings form a community where people share the fact of invisible cooperation, the need to resolve risks, even the common ideal of harmonious co-existence, which means that it is still necessary to make sympathetic adjustment to the distribution inequality under human enhancement technology.