略说清乾隆朝的南玉匠

On The Southern Jade Artisans of Emperor Qianlong’s Court of Qing Dynasty

清代的南玉匠是一群因技艺高超而被选入内务府造办处应役的宫廷玉匠,他们主要来自苏州地区,是制玉匠中的精英。本文依据《清宫内务府造办处档案总汇》,从南玉匠的选拔、技艺和待遇三个方面,探讨了他们在宫廷玉匠中的特殊地位,及其在乾隆朝宫廷玉器制作中发挥的重要作用。

The Southern Jade-artisan here refers to those who were employed by the Qing imperial workshops from Jiangsu region of south China.They were ranked among the top jade-craftsmen of that time for their high skills.The analysis based on The Complete Files of the Crafts and Workshops under the Imperial Household Department of the Qing Court involves the three aspects:selection,craftsmanship and welfares of the jade-craftsmen.The craftsmen’s special status in the court as well as their contribution to the making of the court jadeware during Emperor Qianlong’s(乾隆)period is also discussed in the thesis.