太阳能光伏效应制氢研究进展

Research progress on hydrogen production through solar photovoltaic effect

利用太阳能电解水制取绿氢,是替代传统化石能源、实现能源转型的有效途径。太阳能光伏效应制备氢气有两种方式:光伏电解水制氢和光电化学电解水制氢。从太阳能电池、电解槽及耦合方式三个方面介绍了光伏电解水装置的研究进展,总结了光电化学制氢系统中各种常见的光阳极、光阴极纳米材料,阐述了提高光电化学制氢效率的各种措施,包括原子掺杂、敏化、构造异质结等方法。基于现有的研究,指出了目前太阳能光伏效应制氢所存在的问题及不足之处,对太阳能光伏效应制氢下一步的研究重点给出了相关的指导性建议。

Making full use of solar energy to elec trolyze water for green hydrogen generation is an effective way in replacing traditional fossil energy and realizing the goal of rapid energy transformation. There are two ways to produce hydrogen by solar photovoltaic effect: photovoltaic(PV) and photoelectrochemical(PEC). The research progress of the photovoltaic water electrolysis device was introduced from the aspects of solar cell, electrolytic cell and coupling mode.Furthermore, various common nanomaterials of photoanode and photocathode in photoelectrochemical hydrogen production system were summarized, and a series of measures to improve the efficiency of photoelectrochemical hydrogen production were introduced, including atomic doping, sensitization, construction of heterojunction and so on. Based on the existing research,the current problems and deficiencies of hydrogen production by solar photovoltaic effect were presented and relevant suggestions were given for the next research priorities on hydrogen production through solar photovoltaic effect.