鲁西北地区夏玉米机械粒收质量影响因素及品种筛选

Factors Affecting the Quality of Maize Grain Mechanical Harvest and Corresponding Cultivar Selection in Northwest Area of Shandong

选用京农科828、MC121、鲁单9169、德科501、中农大678、登海518、迪卡517、MC812、郑单309和郑单958共10个当地推广面积较大及近几年国审、省审宜粒收品种,研究鲁西北地区夏玉米机械粒收质量的影响因素。利用各品种收获时含水量及产量指标,采用双向平均值法筛选出适宜当地机械粒收品种。结果表明,收获时玉米籽粒含水率与籽粒破碎率、杂质率呈极显著的正相关关系,籽粒含水率是玉米机械粒收主要限制因素。根据产量和收获时籽粒含水率双向平均法,初步筛选出MC812、迪卡517和郑单309共3个收获时籽粒含水率低又高产的品种,收获时产量分别为14318.95、13057.73、12925.09 kg/hm^(2),籽粒含水率分别为26.0%、25.6%、27.3%,可推荐为该区域适宜机械粒收品种。

A total of 10 suitable grain harvesting varieties(Jingnongke 828,MC121,Ludan 9169,Deke 501,Zhongnongda 678,Denghai 518,Dika 517,MC812,Zhengdan 309 and Zhengdan 958)were selected to study the factors affecting the quality of maize grain mechanical harvest in Northwest Shandong Province.The results showed that the grain water contens were a significant positive correlation with the grain breakage rate and the impurity rate,and the grain water content was one of the main limiting factors of mechanical grain harvest.Based on two important indexes of grain water content and yield,three cultivars with higher yield than average and grain water below average,that is,MC812,Dika 517 and Zhengdan 309,were selected for maize mechanical grain harvest by bi-directional average method.The yield at harvest was 14318.95,13057.73 and 12925.09 kg/hm^(2),respectively.The grain water content was 26.0%,25.6%and 27.3%,respectively,which could be recommended as the suitable variety for mechanical grain harvesting in this area.