金属纤维声学性能研究现状与展望

Research status and prospect of acoustic properties of metal fiber

金属纤维多孔材料是一种重要的纤维类多孔材料,具有优异的吸声性能。对金属纤维多孔材料的制备工艺进行了介绍,综述了金属纤维多孔材料的吸声理论模型以及试验研究的现状。针对单层金属纤维,依据理论与试验研究结果,详细探讨了不同结构的金属纤维多孔材料的特性参数(包括纤维丝径、孔隙率和平均孔径等)、装配参数(主要指背后空气层厚度)、梯度特性以及外部环境对材料吸声性能的影响。探讨了金属纤维复合结构的吸声性能以及金属纤维多孔材料吸声性能的优化现状。最后阐述了金属纤维多孔材料在声学领域的工程应用,并对金属纤维多孔材料的后续研究工作进行了展望。

Metal fiber porous material is an important fiber porous material,which has excellent sound absorption properties.The preparation technology of metal fiber porous materials was introduced,and the acoustic theoretical model and experimental research status of metal fiber porous materials were reviewed.For the single-layer metal fiber,according to the theoretical and experimental results,the effects of characteristic parameters(including fiber diameter,porosity,average pore diameter,etc.),assembly parameters(mainly referring to the thickness of air layer behind),gradient characteristics and external environment on the sound absorption properties of metal fiber porous materials with different structures were discussed in detail.The sound absorption properties of metal fiber composite structures and the optimization of sound absorption properties of metal fiber porous materials were also discussed.Finally,the engineering application of metal fiber porous materials in the field of acoustics was described,and the follow-up research of metal fiber porous material was prospected.