从马拉巴尔到法尔斯海——阿拉伯帝国航海贸易中的印度柚木

From Malabar to Fārs:Indian Teak in the Maritime Trade of the Arab Empire

柚木具有抗海水腐蚀的特性,原产于印度等热带地区。阿拉伯帝国曾大量引进印度柚木建造战船和商船,因此印度柚木在印度洋航海贸易中具有重要作用,既是广泛交易的商品,也是船舶原材料。同时,印度柚木也大量应用于阿拉伯帝国的城市建设、社会生活等方面,形成大量的社会需求。以印度柚木产销为纽带,印度西海岸马拉巴尔诸港口与法尔斯海的海港形成了“环印度洋贸易网络”,形成互相关联的共同体和共生圈,印度柚木也作为南方作物传播到阿拉伯世界,成为世界历史上“南方化”的一部分。

Teak wood,which is resistant to seawater corrosion,is native to tropical regions such as India.The Arabian Empire had imported a large volume of Indian teak to build warships and merchant ships.Therefore,Indian teak played an important role in the Indian Ocean maritime trade.It was not only a widely traded commodity,but also a raw material for ships.At the same time,Indian teak was also widely used in urban construction and social life of the Arab Empire,forming a large number of social needs.With the production and marketing of Indian teak as the link,the ports of Malabar on the west coast of India and the seaports in Fārs formed up a trade network around the Indian Ocean,an interconnected community,and a symbiotic circle.Indian teak was also spread to the Arab world as a tropical crop and became a part of“Southernization”.