乡村小学全科教师供给效能的测度研究

Study on the Supply Efficiency of General Teachers in Rural Primary Schools

随着全科教师数量的不断增加,测度其供给效能以检视人才培养质量显得尤为重要。借鉴顾客满意度理论,围绕思想素养、专业知识水平、专业发展能力、教学教研能力4个方面构建乡村小学全科教师供给效能的测评模型。运用问卷调查法和访谈法研究发现,乡村小学全科教师供给效能总体上较高,但仍存在各项测评指标得分不均衡、“乡村”特征不突出的问题。同时,差异分析发现,对“全科”内涵的不同认知和不同学校规模会影响乡村小学全科教师的满意度评价,其供给效能差异显著。提高乡村小学全科教师的供给效能,还需要进一步厘清全科教师的内涵并形成共识、引导全科教师培养从单一学科数量向学科综合质量转变、增强全科教师的乡村教育属性。

It has been ten years for the training of general teachers in rural primary schools in China. With the increasing quantity, it is very important to measure its supply efficiency to evaluate the quality of the training of professionals. Taking reference of the customer satisfaction theory and measuring the supply efficiency of general teachers in rural primary schools from the perspective of “customers”, it can not only reveal the training quality, but also help colleges and universities to improve the professional training program of general teachers in rural primary schools.Adopting questionnaire survey method and interview method research, we find that the supply efficiency of general teachers in rural primary schools is generally high. The supply efficiency is mainly displayed in two aspects, one is their capability of being qualified to “multi-subject” education tasks, and their solid feelings towards “rural education”, both of which contribute to fulfilling the requirement of attracting rural primary teachers’ to “come and stay”. However, the performance in teaching and research capability and other aspects did not reach the expected target. In the future, to improve the supply efficiency of rural primary school general teachers, it is also necessary to further clarify the connotation of general teachers and draw a consensus so as to promote the transformation of general teacher training from a single subject to an interdisciplinary subject, and enhance the rural education attribute of general teachers.