早期康复训练联合健康教育对急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入术后心功能及心理状态的影响

Effect of Early Rehabilitation Training Combined with Health Education on Cardiac Function and Mental State of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

目的研究早期康复训练联合健康教育对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后心功能及心理状态的影响。方法选取2018年8月—2020年7月该院心血管科收治的130例行PCI的AMI患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(65例)和对照组(65例)。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予早期康复训练联合健康教育。比较两组干预前后的左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)以及焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分,比较两组术后6个月内不良心血管事件发生情况。结果干预前,两组LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV和SAS、SDS评分比较,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,观察组的LVEF明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组SAS、SDS评分与干预前比较均明显降低,且观察组SAS、SDS评分明显低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良心血管事件发生率(6.15%)明显低于对照组(20.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期康复训练联合健康教育有利于AMI患者PCI术后心功能的恢复及心理状态的改善。

Objective To study the effect of early rehabilitation training combined with health education on the cardiac function and psychological status of patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods From August 2018 to July 2020,130 patients with AMI who underwent PCI were selected and divided into an observation group(65 cases)and a control group(65 cases)by random number table.The control group was given routine nursing,and the observation group was given early rehabilitation training combined with health education on the basis of the control group.The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end systolic volume(LVESV),and the scores of the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and the self-rating depression scale(SDS)were compared between the groups before and after the intervention.The occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events within 6 months after the operation was compared between the groups.Results Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of LVEF,LVEDV,LVESV,SAS and SDS scores(P>0.05).After the intervention,the LVEF of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were significantly lower than before the intervention,and the scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in the observation group was 6.15%,which was significantly lower than 20.00%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Early rehabilitation training combined with health education is conducive to the recovery of cardiac function and the improvement of psychological status in patients with AMI after PCI.