气候变化背景下的能源安全困境与全球能源治理

Energy security dilemma and global energy governance under the background of climate change

气候变化的灾害性日益显著,极端天气的爆发规模不断升级,对全球能源体系构成严重威胁。气候变化造成的能源安全困境主要表现为异常气温阻碍能源供应、极端天气袭击基础设施、干旱导致能源用水紧张、能源供需加速失衡。人类社会的资源安全与环境安全正在形成紧密耦合的强联系,能源困境的实质正从资源稀缺困境转变为环境恶化困境。国际关系行为体积极调整能源治理的方向与策略——扩展能源安全的内涵,塑造能源系统的应对能力,提升天然气和电力供给的多元化,开展“能源-气候”复合型治理,应对军事用能中的气候风险。中国应着力提高能源安全保障能力和风险管控能力,以气候韧性塑造、先进技术共享、引导对外投资援助为重点开展相关国际合作。

The increasing catastrophic climate change and extreme weather outbreak pose a serious threat to the global energy system.Concretely,abnormal temperature hinders energy supply,extreme weather attacks infrastructure,drought leads to shortage of energy-used water,and energy supply and demand become unbalanced.The resource security and environmental security of human society are tightly coupled,and the essence of the energy dilemma is changing from the resource scarcity to the environmental deterioration.Actors in international relations actively adjust the direction and strategy of energy governance by expanding the connotation of energy security,shaping the coping capacity of energy system,enhancing the diversification of natural gas and power supply,carrying out“energy-climate”compound governance,and dealing with climate risks in military energy use.China should improve energy security and risk control capabilities and carry out relevant international cooperation with a focus on shaping climate resilience,sharing advanced technologies,and guiding foreign investment assistance.