沿海液化天然气接收站储气服务商务模式分析

Business model of gas storage service in coastal LNG terminals

LNG接收站具备灵活性优势,在中国储气调峰中的作用越发明显。随着中国天然气市场调峰需求的增加和市场化改革的推进,LNG接收站在进行日常代加工服务时,有必要开展储气服务。目前,中国LNG接收站主要是采用一体化经营、独立经营和混合经营的模式,服务价格采用内部定价、协商定价、发改委定价三种方式,尚未区分储气服务并单独定价。LNG接收站提供代加工服务和储气服务的主要区别在于LNG储存时间的长短,根据不同的储存环节定价方式会产生不同的商务模式:一是代加工服务和储气服务统一定价,二是接卸、储存、汽化或装车分别独立定价,三是区分代加工服务和储气服务定价。不同的模式均有一定的适用范围和优劣势,未来中国LNG接收站开展储气服务的模式也将多样化,出现多种商务模式共存的局面。

The LNG terminal has the advantage of flexibility and plays an increasingly important role in gas storage and peak regulation in China. With the increasing demand for peak shaving in China’s natural gas market and the promotion of market-oriented reform, it is necessary for LNG terminal to carry out gas storage service in their daily OEM services. At present,China’s LNG terminals mainly adopt the modes of integrated operation, independent operation, and mixed operation and there are such three modes as internal pricing, negotiated pricing, and NDRC pricing for service prices without distinguishing gas storage services. The main diference between gas storage service and OEM service is that the duration of LNG gas storage. According to the diferent pricing of storage link, there would be such diferent business models as implementing unified pricing of OEM service and gas storage service, implementing independent pricing of discharge, storage and vaporization or truck loading respectively, and distinguishing pricing of OEM service and gas storage service. Diferent models have certain application scope and advantages and disadvantages. In the future, China’s LNG terminals will have diversified gas storage service models and there will be a scenario of coexistence of various business models.