云南地区化妆品不良反应96例临床特征分析

Clinical Characteristics of 96 Cases with Cosmetic Dermatoses in Yunnan Area

目的探讨2020年本院96例化妆品皮肤不良反应的临床特点,为科学防治化妆品不良反应及化妆品安全风险监管提供依据和建议。方法分析2020年本院收集及上报的96例化妆品皮肤不良反应患者的临床资料和斑贴试验等结果。结果化妆品皮肤不良反应患者共96例,其中女性(97.92%)明显高于男性(2.08%),年龄主要集中于21~49岁(94.79%);不良反应临床诊断为化妆品接触性皮炎占79.17%,其余依次为皮肤色素异常(12.50%)、痤疮(5.21%)及毛发损害(3.13%);仅7例完成化妆品斑贴试验,阳性率71.43%;在110种可疑致病化妆品中,非特殊用途占68.18%,特殊用途占31.82%,无批准文号占41.82%;可疑致病化妆品来源,网购占70.91%,美容美发机构占16.36%,商场占12.73%。结论化妆品不良反应常发生于中青年女性;接触性皮炎是最常见的化妆品皮肤不良反应;可疑致病特殊用途化妆品中,以祛斑类居多;斑贴试验仅可作为诊断化妆品接触性皮炎的检验方法,诊断化妆品致其他皮肤病的检验方法仍有待完善;应加强科学护肤和安全使用化妆品的宣教;应规范化妆品销售渠道。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of 96 cases with cosmetic dermatoses in our hospital in 2020,so as to provide basis and suggestions for scientific prevention and treatment of cosmetic dermatoses and safety risk supervision of cosmetic.Methods The clinical data and patch test results of 96 patients with cosmetic dermatoses were collected for comprehensive analysis in 2020.Results There were 96 patients with cosmetic dermatoses,of which females(97.92%)were significantly higher than males(2.08%),and the majority patients aged 21-49 years(94.79%).The cosmetic contact dermatitis accounted for 79.17%,followed by skin discolouration(12.50%),acne(5.21%)and hair damage(3.13%)successively among all patients.Only seven cases accepted cosmetic patch test and the positive rate was 71.43%.Among the 110 suspected cosmetics,non-special type accounted for 68.18%,special type accounted for 31.82%,and unqualified accounted for 41.82%.As for the source of suspected cosmetics,online stores accounted for 70.91%,beauty salons accounted for 16.36%,shopping malls accounted for 12.73%.Conclusion Cosmetic dermatoses often occur in young and middle-aged women.Contact dermatitis is the most common cosmetic dermatoses.Among the suspected special cosmetics,freckle cosmetics are the most.Patch test can only be used to diagnose cosmetic contact dermatitis,but the test methods for diagnosing other cosmetic dermatoses are still need to be improved.The education of scientific skin care and safety use of cosmetics should be enforced.It necessary to standardize the cosmetic distribution channels.