转危为机:基于知识图谱的组织韧性研究述评与未来展望

Turning Crisis into Opportunity:A Review of research on Organizational Resilience and its Future Prospect Based on Knowledge Mapping

组织韧性是指企业在动荡变化中生存、适应和成长的能力。目前,该领域的研究综述主要以定性研究为主,较缺乏量化分析。以Web of Science核心合集数据库中有关组织韧性研究的242篇文献数据为研究样本,运用CiteSpace软件和Gephi软件,梳理了组织韧性领域的研究热点与发展过程,展现了组织韧性研究领域的基本现状,厘清组织韧性研究的演化脉络。结果显示:(1)学者们从能力视角、过程视角及结果视角解读组织韧性的内涵。(2)组织韧性已成为管理学领域的重要研究议题,逐渐形成三大研究热点:组织韧性的影响因素研究、组织韧性的指标及对组织绩效的影响研究、组织韧性的提升路径研究。(3)组织韧性的研究自2011年开始呈现爆发式增长,美国和加拿大两国的学者和研究机构引领了组织韧性研究的风向。最后,探讨了组织韧性研究领域未来的研究方向,以期推动组织韧性的研究。

Organizational resilience as the ability of organizations to recover from crises and achieve counter-trend growth by anticipating and actively accepting risks and threats and creatively solving problems,has seen a boom in resilience research since the 1880s,but the lack of timely and systematic sorting out of the current status,evolutionary trends and research gaps on organizational resilience has constrained the theory of resilience improvement and development,and will certainly reduce its positive role in the practice environment.Therefore,it is important to further analyze the research progress in this field to better grasp the connotation,extension and theoretical basis of organizational resilience,predict the development trend of organizational resilience and explore the hot issues,and then better promote the development of organizational resilience research.On this basis,242 documents on organizational resilience from 1984 to 2020 were selected from the Web of Science core collection database for visual analysis with the help of scientific knowledge mapping analysis method.CiteSpace software,a visual analysis tool,was used to generate country,institutional collaboration,and literature co-citation network maps,and Gephi software was used to generate author,journal co-citation,and subject term co-occurrence network maps,while the"Create Citation Report"function of WOS was used to analyze the publication status of literature in the field of organizational resilience.On this basis,the study analyzed the research overview of organizational resilience;secondly,the study analyzed the research hotspots of organizational resilience by topic term co-occurrence and topic term clustering;finally,the study analyzed the evolution of organizational resilience research by literature co-citation and constructed a research lineage map of organizational resilience.The study found that,first,in the connotation study of organizational resilience,scholars interpreted the connotation of organizational resilience from the capability perspective,process perspective and outcome perspective.Second,at the overall profile level,research results are mainly centered on the United States and Canada,and research institutions are mainly universities in Canada and the United Kingdom,and there is a lack of effective cooperation among research institutions,while a core group of authors has not yet been formed.The research results of organizational resilience cover the fields of management,sociology and economics,and the research topics include the study of antecedents of organizational resilience,the impact of strategic human resource management on organizational resilience,the impact of organizational resilience on organizational change,and the study of organizational resilience enhancement.Third,at the level of research hotspots,the field of organizational resilience research presents three major research hotspots:the study of the influencing factors of organizational resilience,the study of the indicators of organizational resilience and the impact on organizational performance,and the study of the path to enhance organizational resilience.Fourth,at the evolutionary level,since the mid-1980s,when resilience was widely discussed in the fields of psychology,ecology,engineering and supply chain management,the research on organizational resilience has gone through four stages:the nascent period,the development period,the prosperity period and the expansion period.In conclusion,this study suggests that there are the following issues that deserve further exploration to enrich and expand research in the field of organizational resilience.First,exploring the antecedent variables and their influencing mechanisms can help to understand the fundamental issue of how organizational resilience is generated and shaped.Second,exploring the mechanisms of organizational resilience from a dynamic perspective,and in the future,exploring the mechanisms by which organizational resilience works based on different stages before,during,and after the occurrence of a crisis.Third,it will enrich the study of organizational resilience in the Chinese cultural context and provide theoretical guidance to enhance the ability of Chinese enterprises to cope with crises and strengthen their competitiveness.